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Exam 8: Group Influence

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Question 21

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Julio is a directive leader of a highly cohesive student group on campus.When discussing important policy decisions,the group will be at greatest risk for groupthink if it is:

A) isolated from dissenting viewpoints.
B) composed of the majority and minority students.
C) well-informed regarding both sides of the issue.
D) aware of the dangers of making wrong decisions.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Question 22

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Which of the following is a prescriptive strategy to prevent groupthink from developing?

A) Encourage team members to think toward a common goal and enhance the quality of decisions.
B) Endorse any particular position and start group discussions by having people state their positions.
C) Outsiders should attend the meetings and challenge the group's views.
D) After reaching a preliminary decision,the group should not waste time and try to reach the final decision.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Question 23

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Which of the following is an example of group polarization in one's community?

Which of the following is one of Janis's (1982) recommendations for preventing groupthink?

Christopher,a young manager,heads a team of 13 members who work together on a technical project.He finds that his team is not able to generate creative ideas lately.According to Brown and Paulus (2002) ,which of the following ways should Christopher most likely adopt to enhance group brainstorming in this scenario?

What activity did Norman Triplett ask children to perform in his first laboratory study of social facilitation?

Jackson,a young naval officer,is on board a crew ship sailing in the North Atlantic Ocean.He detects a ship intruding their territory and informs the captain.The captain asks him to ignore it as the intruder is 10 nautical miles away from them.He obeys the order and discounts his misgivings even though he believes that they should take immediate action against the intruder.In the context of Janis's groupthink symptoms,which of the following does this scenario exhibit?

Brandon,CEO of a start-up,observes that his company is earning less profit this year than it did in the previous year.He questions the managers of the company,who say that the company is going through a transitional phase and will soon start making an increased profit.They hide disagreeable facts from Brandon and subsequently,the company faces bankruptcy.In the context of Janis's groupthink symptoms,Brandon,in this scenario,incurs huge losses due to ________.

Research on brainstorming reveals that people working ________ will generate ________ good ideas.

Hannah,a young doctor,is part of a doctors' team that is operating on a critical patient.Her team decides to follow a shortcut method to avoid blood loss during the surgery.Hannah is aware of the risks of such a shortcut method;however,she expresses her doubts less quickly than other doctors and gets ridiculed for her dissenting views.Hannah most likely exhibits ________ in this scenario.

Groups tend to loaf less when:

All the following factors characterize a transformational leader EXCEPT:

Logan,a middle-aged man,has conservative political views.He joins a conservative group in his neighborhood and participates in its activities.Over the years,he becomes more conservative due to the group's influence.According to social psychologists,Logan most likely exemplifies ________ in this scenario.

Martha is excellent at organizing her employees,setting goals,and focusing on achieving those goals for the company.Martha excels in:

Samantha,a young leader,has a democratic style and distributes authority to her team members.She accepts inputs from them and encourages every team member to participate in the decision-making process.In this scenario,Samantha most likely exhibits the characteristics of a(n) ________.

Isabel is unable to play the piano well when others watch her perform.She becomes self-conscious in the presence of others.In the context of social facilitation,which of the following interferes with Isabel's performance?

Shaw (1981) argued that the one thing that all groups have in common is that the members:

Social psychologists have accurately predicted that ________ will exhibit less social loafing.

In the context of informational influences on group polarization,________ in discussion produces more attitude change than does ________.

Matthew,a vibrant leader,heads a team that launches new products into the market.During a follow-up test of an electric-car prototype produced by his company,the researchers find a problem with the engine of the car and request Matthew to halt the launch.However,Matthew goes ahead,and his company earns a bad reputation in the market because of the defective product.In the context of Janis's groupthink symptoms,which of the following symptoms led Matthew to make the wrong judgment?