Question 1

Which of the following statements about El Niño are true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Occurrence of El Niño is irregular and unpredictable.
B)  The immediate effect of El Niño is a weakening in the east-to-west trade winds
C)  Weakening in the trade winds results in more upwelling along the Peru-Ecuador coast.
D)  El Niño results in the movement of weather systems from the western Pacific eastward.
E)  El Niño events in the Pacific can influence weather as far away as Africa.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 2

Rhizosphaera needle cast is a fungal disease that affects spruce trees.Which of the following biomes would be most severely affected by an outbreak of this disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  tundra
B)  temperate deciduous forest
C)  prairie
D)  taiga
E)  tropical rain forestF) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 3

The relatively shallow part of the ocean extending from the low tide mark to the edge of the continental shelf is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  surface zone.
B)  abyssal zone.
C)  neritic zone.
D)  littoral zone.
E)  limnetic zone.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

Most of the ultraviolet radiation reaching the upper atmosphere is absorbed by

Accepted Answer

A)  CFCs.
B)  ozone.
C)  nitrogen.
D)  carbon dioxide.
E)  water vapor.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

Scientists cannot predict when an El Niño will begin.But once it does,forecasters are able to predict changes to weather patterns.What would be a predicted weather effect of an El Niño?

Accepted Answer

A)  Drier and warmer in the southeastern United States
B)  Colder than normal across the northeastern United States
C)  More rain in Peru and Ecuador
D)  More rain in Indonesia and the PhilippinesE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the effects of deforestation on terrestrial ecosystems are true? Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  At present rates of deforestation,it is predicted that all of the world's tropical rain forests will be degraded or gone within 10 years.
B)  Today,deforestation is one of the greatest problems facing terrestrial ecosystems.
C)  Deforestation usually leads to the overaccumulation of nutrients such as nitrates/nitrites in the soil.
D)  Deforestation can lead to loss of topsoil.
E)  Deforestation can lead to eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems.F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 7

Oxygen levels in the photic zone fluctuate over the course of a 24-hr period.If you were measuring dissolved oxygen over the course of the day,when would you expect to see the lowest levels of oxygen and why?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mid-morning -- because fish are most active and their respiration rates are highest.
B)  Early afternoon -- when the surface water warms up and sinks to the bottom.
C)  Mid-afternoon -- because the activity of the Calvin cycle (the dark reactions) of photosynthesis are at their peak.
D)  Early evening -- when animals come to feed and disturb the surface waters.
E)  During the night -- because the light reactions of photosynthesis are inactive.F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 8

If you plot mean annual precipitation against mean annual temperature and look at the distribution of major biomes relative to these two variables,which biome would be in the central region of the graph?

Accepted Answer

A)  savanna
B)  hot desert
C)  tropical rain forest
D)  temperate deciduous forest
E)  taigaF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

In a temperate zone lake,what should the temperature profile be immediately after the fall overturn?

Accepted Answer

A)  coldest water at the top,4° C water at the bottom
B)  warmest water at the top,4° C water at the bottom
C)  4° C water throughout
D)  10° C water throughout
E)  4° C water at the top,coldest water at the bottomF) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 10

Researchers in Alaska were interested in increasing the sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) population in three coastal lakes.To accomplish this,the ponds were treated with fertilizers.As a result,zooplankton biomass increased between 40% and 700% in the three lakes.The substantial growth in zooplankton would suggest that prior to these experiments,these lakes were ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  eutrophic
B)  stratified
C)  subject to low light levels
D)  oligotrophicE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

A mountain range along the coast of a continent is located perpendicular to the prevailing sea breeze.Which one of the following describes an area where the rain shadow is located?

Accepted Answer

A)  on the leeward side of the mountain where cool,dry air is descending
B)  on the leeward side of the mountain where warm,moist air is descending
C)  on the windward side of the mountain where warm,moist air is rising
D)  on the windward side of the mountain where cool,dry air is rising
E)  on the leeward side,far inland from the mountainF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 12

Periodic disturbances of the Pacific currents that cause global weather changes are given the name

Accepted Answer

A)  El Niño.
B)  gyrals.
C)  the Humboldt current.
D)  the Japan current.
E)  west equatorial drift.F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

As the global concentration of carbon dioxide increases,there is great potential for direct impact on the world's

Accepted Answer

A)  climate.
B)  biodiversity.
C)  biogeochemistry.
D)  ozone layer.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Which two countries are both likely to have prevailing winds blowing from west to east?

Accepted Answer

A)  the United States and Argentina
B)  the United States and Panama
C)  Canada and Brazil
D)  Panama and BrazilE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Which statement best describes the relationship between elevation and latitude?

Accepted Answer

A)  Elevation and latitude are related because they are both measurements of distance.
B)  Elevation and latitude are related because as one increases the other increases.
C)  Elevation and latitude are related because they have similar effects on temperature.As the elevation increases,the temperature of the air increases,which is likewise with latitude.
D)  Elevation and latitude are related because they have similar effects on temperature.As the elevation increases,the temperature of the air decreases,which is likewise with latitude.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Temperate grasslands and temperate deciduous forests are two different biomes that are located in the same latitudes.Which one of the following abiotic conditions is most likely to account for the differences in their community composition?

Accepted Answer

A)  temperature
B)  precipitation
C)  sunlight
D)  soil nutrients
E)  a rain shadowF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

Which of the following choices best describes the relationship that exists between moisture and air temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)  The moisture-holding capacity of air decreases when it is warm and increases when it is cool.
B)  The moisture-holding capacity of air remains the same (warm or cool) and is not related to its temperature.
C)  The moisture-holding capacity of air increases when it is warm and decreases when it is cool.
D)  The moisture-holding capacity of air decreases as the higher altitude winds of the polar regions descend onto the continents.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Prairie is another name for a

Accepted Answer

A)  desert.
B)  temperate grassland.
C)  savanna.
D)  taiga.
E)  tundra.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

The great deserts and associated arid areas of the world mostly lie along the western sides of the continents at about

Accepted Answer

A)  0° north and south latitude.
B)  15° north and south latitude.
C)  30° north and south latitude.
D)  60° north and south latitude.
E)  90° north and south latitude.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

Biological magnification of persistent toxins would be greatest in a

Accepted Answer

A)  deer.
B)  fox.
C)  black bear.
D)  mushroom.
E)  oak tree.F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Exam 57: The Biosphere and Human Impacts

Periodic disturbances of the Pacific currents that cause global weather changes are given the name

Correct Answer
verified

As the global concentration of carbon dioxide increases,there is great potential for direct impact on the world's

Correct Answer
verified

Oxygen levels in the photic zone fluctuate over the course of a 24-hr period.If you were measuring dissolved oxygen over the course of the day,when would you expect to see the lowest levels of oxygen and why?

Correct Answer
verified

In a temperate zone lake,what should the temperature profile be immediately after the fall overturn?

Correct Answer
verified

Most of the ultraviolet radiation reaching the upper atmosphere is absorbed by

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following choices best describes the relationship that exists between moisture and air temperature?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

If you plot mean annual precipitation against mean annual temperature and look at the distribution of major biomes relative to these two variables,which biome would be in the central region of the graph?

Correct Answer
verified

Prairie is another name for a

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about El Niño are true?

Correct Answer
verified

Scientists cannot predict when an El Niño will begin.But once it does,forecasters are able to predict changes to weather patterns.What would be a predicted weather effect of an El Niño?

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement best describes the relationship between elevation and latitude?

Correct Answer
verified

Biological magnification of persistent toxins would be greatest in a

Correct Answer
verified

Temperate grasslands and temperate deciduous forests are two different biomes that are located in the same latitudes.Which one of the following abiotic conditions is most likely to account for the differences in their community composition?

Correct Answer
verified

Which two countries are both likely to have prevailing winds blowing from west to east?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about the effects of deforestation on terrestrial ecosystems are true? Check all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

A mountain range along the coast of a continent is located perpendicular to the prevailing sea breeze.Which one of the following describes an area where the rain shadow is located?

Correct Answer
verified

Rhizosphaera needle cast is a fungal disease that affects spruce trees.Which of the following biomes would be most severely affected by an outbreak of this disease?

Correct Answer
verified

The great deserts and associated arid areas of the world mostly lie along the western sides of the continents at about

Correct Answer
verified

The relatively shallow part of the ocean extending from the low tide mark to the edge of the continental shelf is called the

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 57: The Biosphere and Human Impacts

Periodic disturbances of the Pacific currents that cause global weather changes are given the name

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As the global concentration of carbon dioxide increases,there is great potential for direct impact on the world's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxygen levels in the photic zone fluctuate over the course of a 24-hr period.If you were measuring dissolved oxygen over the course of the day,when would you expect to see the lowest levels of oxygen and why?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a temperate zone lake,what should the temperature profile be immediately after the fall overturn?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most of the ultraviolet radiation reaching the upper atmosphere is absorbed by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following choices best describes the relationship that exists between moisture and air temperature?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you plot mean annual precipitation against mean annual temperature and look at the distribution of major biomes relative to these two variables,which biome would be in the central region of the graph?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prairie is another name for a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about El Niño are true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Scientists cannot predict when an El Niño will begin.But once it does,forecasters are able to predict changes to weather patterns.What would be a predicted weather effect of an El Niño?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement best describes the relationship between elevation and latitude?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Biological magnification of persistent toxins would be greatest in a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Temperate grasslands and temperate deciduous forests are two different biomes that are located in the same latitudes.Which one of the following abiotic conditions is most likely to account for the differences in their community composition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which two countries are both likely to have prevailing winds blowing from west to east?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about the effects of deforestation on terrestrial ecosystems are true? Check all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mountain range along the coast of a continent is located perpendicular to the prevailing sea breeze.Which one of the following describes an area where the rain shadow is located?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rhizosphaera needle cast is a fungal disease that affects spruce trees.Which of the following biomes would be most severely affected by an outbreak of this disease?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The great deserts and associated arid areas of the world mostly lie along the western sides of the continents at about

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The relatively shallow part of the ocean extending from the low tide mark to the edge of the continental shelf is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified