Question 1

What does the Nernst equation allow us to do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Predict the function of a specific type of neuron.
B)  Calculate the equilibrium potential for an ion.
C)  Use a computer program to model axonal transmission.
D)  Calculate the magnitude of depolarization during an action potential.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

neurons are the only electrically-active cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

When acetylcholine stimulates the opening of ligand-gated ion channels on a postsynaptic cell,what is this event called?

Accepted Answer

A)  neuromuscular junction
B)  temporal summation
C)  inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) 
D)  excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) 
E)  synaptic integrationF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 4

Where do correlation,association,and learning occur in the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebellum
B)  corpus callosum
C)  medulla
D)  cerebrum
E)  ponsF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

Where did information processing become increasingly centered in terrestrial vertebrates?

Accepted Answer

A)  thalamus
B)  forebrain
C)  midbrain
D)  hindbrain
E)  medulla oblongataF) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 6

What diffuses across the narrow synaptic cleft between the presynaptic axon and the postsynaptic cell to transmit a nerve impulse?

Accepted Answer

A)  neurotransmitter
B)  electrical impulse
C)  Na+ ion
D)  vesicle
E)  action potentialF) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 7

Place the following events that occur at the vertebrate neuromuscular junction in the correct order.
 I-Depolarization of the muscle fiber membrane.
II-Generation of an action potential in the neuron.
III-Stimulation of Ca2+ entry into the neuron.
IV-Release of acetylcholine into the synapse.

Accepted Answer

A)  I,II,III,IV
B)  III,II,IV,I
C)  I,III,IV,II
D)  IV,II,III,I
E)  II,III,IV,IF) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 8

The outside of a neuron is positively charged at resting potential.Why don't negative ions exit from the cell to normalize charge across the membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  The positive charge outside the cell repels negative ions.
B)  There are no negative ions inside the cell.
C)  All of the chloride ions are already outside the cell.
D)  The negative charge inside the cell is carried by large proteins that cannot diffuse through the membrane.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Which neurotransmitter is released from a motor neuron at the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine
B)  GABA
C)  ephinephrine
D)  dopamine
E)  serotoninF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

Which of the following characteristics are true for an action potential?
 I-A threshold potential must be exceeded for an action potential to occur.
II-A stimulus either produces a full action potential or none at all.
III-During the refractory period it is less likely that stimuli can produce another action potential.

Accepted Answer

A)  I only
B)  I and II
C)  II and III
D)  I and III
E)  I,II,and IIIF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 11

Is the resting membrane potential of a neuron closer to the equilibrium potential for K+ or Na+?

Accepted Answer

A)  K+
B)  Na+
C)  It is an average of the two.D) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Question 12

How do somatic neurons and autonomic neurons differ? (Check all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Somatic neurons innervate the body surface,while autonomic neurons innervate internal structures.
B)  Somatic neurons control skeletal muscle,while autonomic neurons control smooth and cardiac muscle.
C)  Somatic neurons control exocrine glands,while autonomic neurons do not.
D)  Somatic neurons control their effectors directly,while autonomic neurons use a series of neurons.
E)  Somatic neurons are always excitatory,while autonomic neurons may be either excitatory or inhibitory.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

Damage to the substantia nigra,a specific region of the basal ganglia,can produce the resting muscle tremors characteristic of what disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  epilepsy
B)  Parkinson disease
C)  seizures
D)  Alzheimer disease
E)  insomniaF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

"Synapses are connections between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron,where neurotransmitters transmit a chemical signal." How would you modify this statement to make it more complete? (Check all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  The statement needs no modification.
B)  Synapses can also form between an axon and a cell soma.
C)  Neuromuscular synapses form between the axon of a neuron and a muscle.
D)  Synapses often form among the parts of a single cell.
E)  Synapses can be electrical as well as chemical.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 15

Which of the following targets is NOT regulated by the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  skeletal muscles
B)  cardiac muscles
C)  glands of the body
D)  smooth muscles
E)  none of theseF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

A patient suffers from a disease that slows fatty acid synthesis.What is a likely impact of this disease on nervous system function?

Accepted Answer

A)  improved functioning due to a healthier weight
B)  insufficient myelination and slow axon conduction rate
C)  improved functioning due to better blood flow
D)  weaker action potentials with smaller depolarizationE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

When neurons are not producing electrical signals,there is still a voltage difference across their membranes.What is this voltage called?

Accepted Answer

A)  channel-gate bias
B)  electrolyte voltage
C)  equilibrium potential
D)  resting potential
E)  ion currentF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

Which region of the CNS listed below is NOT correctly paired with its function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Broca's and Wernicke's areas-language and speech
B)  Hypothalamus-regulates body temperature,appetite,and sleep
C)  Cerebellum-relay station for ascending and descending tracts
D)  Corpus callosum-connects the two brain hemispheres
E)  Hippocampus-memoryF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

What determines the direction of the voltage change that occurs at the postsynaptic membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  the type of neurotransmitter
B)  the type of second messenger system used
C)  the type(s) of ions that travel through opened channels
D)  the number of ion channels on the postsynaptic membraneE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 20

What is the elongated extension of a neuron that nerve impulses travel along?

Accepted Answer

A)  axon
B)  cell body
C)  dendrite
D)  oligodendrocyte
E)  synapseF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Exam 42: The Nervous System

When neurons are not producing electrical signals,there is still a voltage difference across their membranes.What is this voltage called?

Correct Answer
verified

Damage to the substantia nigra,a specific region of the basal ganglia,can produce the resting muscle tremors characteristic of what disease?

Correct Answer
verified

Which region of the CNS listed below is NOT correctly paired with its function?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the elongated extension of a neuron that nerve impulses travel along?

Correct Answer
verified

neurons are the only electrically-active cells.

Correct Answer
verified

Where do correlation,association,and learning occur in the brain?

Correct Answer
verified

What does the Nernst equation allow us to do?

Correct Answer
verified

A patient suffers from a disease that slows fatty acid synthesis.What is a likely impact of this disease on nervous system function?

Correct Answer
verified

What diffuses across the narrow synaptic cleft between the presynaptic axon and the postsynaptic cell to transmit a nerve impulse?

Correct Answer
verified

The outside of a neuron is positively charged at resting potential.Why don't negative ions exit from the cell to normalize charge across the membrane?

Correct Answer
verified

How do somatic neurons and autonomic neurons differ? (Check all that apply.)

Correct Answer
verified

Place the following events that occur at the vertebrate neuromuscular junction in the correct order. I-Depolarization of the muscle fiber membrane. II-Generation of an action potential in the neuron. III-Stimulation of Ca²⁺ entry into the neuron. IV-Release of acetylcholine into the synapse.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following targets is NOT regulated by the autonomic nervous system?

Correct Answer
verified

When acetylcholine stimulates the opening of ligand-gated ion channels on a postsynaptic cell,what is this event called?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Where did information processing become increasingly centered in terrestrial vertebrates?

Correct Answer
verified

Is the resting membrane potential of a neuron closer to the equilibrium potential for K⁺ or Na⁺?

Correct Answer
verified

"Synapses are connections between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron,where neurotransmitters transmit a chemical signal." How would you modify this statement to make it more complete? (Check all that apply.)

Correct Answer
verified

What determines the direction of the voltage change that occurs at the postsynaptic membrane?

Correct Answer
verified

Which neurotransmitter is released from a motor neuron at the neuromuscular junction?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 42: The Nervous System

When neurons are not producing electrical signals,there is still a voltage difference across their membranes.What is this voltage called?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Damage to the substantia nigra,a specific region of the basal ganglia,can produce the resting muscle tremors characteristic of what disease?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which region of the CNS listed below is NOT correctly paired with its function?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the elongated extension of a neuron that nerve impulses travel along?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

neurons are the only electrically-active cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where do correlation,association,and learning occur in the brain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What does the Nernst equation allow us to do?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A patient suffers from a disease that slows fatty acid synthesis.What is a likely impact of this disease on nervous system function?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What diffuses across the narrow synaptic cleft between the presynaptic axon and the postsynaptic cell to transmit a nerve impulse?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The outside of a neuron is positively charged at resting potential.Why don't negative ions exit from the cell to normalize charge across the membrane?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do somatic neurons and autonomic neurons differ? (Check all that apply.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Place the following events that occur at the vertebrate neuromuscular junction in the correct order. I-Depolarization of the muscle fiber membrane. II-Generation of an action potential in the neuron. III-Stimulation of Ca2+ entry into the neuron. IV-Release of acetylcholine into the synapse.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following targets is NOT regulated by the autonomic nervous system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When acetylcholine stimulates the opening of ligand-gated ion channels on a postsynaptic cell,what is this event called?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where did information processing become increasingly centered in terrestrial vertebrates?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Is the resting membrane potential of a neuron closer to the equilibrium potential for K+ or Na+?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"Synapses are connections between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron,where neurotransmitters transmit a chemical signal." How would you modify this statement to make it more complete? (Check all that apply.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What determines the direction of the voltage change that occurs at the postsynaptic membrane?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which neurotransmitter is released from a motor neuron at the neuromuscular junction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Place the following events that occur at the vertebrate neuromuscular junction in the correct order. I-Depolarization of the muscle fiber membrane. II-Generation of an action potential in the neuron. III-Stimulation of Ca²⁺ entry into the neuron. IV-Release of acetylcholine into the synapse.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Is the resting membrane potential of a neuron closer to the equilibrium potential for K⁺ or Na⁺?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified