Question 1

Plants do not utilize the process of cell migration in their development.Instead plants utilize

Accepted Answer

A)  the process of building themselves inwardly via the meristems present in the developing plant tissues.
B)  the process of building themselves outwardly via the meristems present in the developing plant tissues.
C)  the process of building themselves with epidermal tissues,which eventually become ground tissues,which can then begin the process of photosynthesis.
D)  the process of building themselves by using their vascular tissues to form meristems,which promotes normal development in the plant.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Describe the apoptotic pathway in mammalian cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  Apaf1 inhibits Bcl2,Caspase-8 or 9 is activated,caspases degrade cell components
B)  Bcl2 activates Apaf1,Caspase-8 or 9 is inhibited,caspases degrade cell components
C)  Apaf1 activates Bcl2,Caspase-8 or 9 is activated,caspases degrade cell componentsD) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Question 3

There are cases,particularly in fruit flies,in which a normal body part grows in the wrong spot.For instance,legs on the head growing instead of antennae,or a second set of wings behind the normal pair.What can explain this?

Accepted Answer

A)  These are due to the reappearance of stem cells,which are totipotent.
B)  These are due to misregulation of hormones from environmental contamination with pesticides.
C)  These occur as a result of mutations in homeotic genes,which normally act to direct development along the anterior-posterior axis.
D)  These naturally occur sometimes in animals that have metamorphic development,due to different organization of homeotic gene expression in larvae versus adults.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Many insects,like moths and flies,undergo complete metamorphosis.What would you predict about gene expression in these two kinds of insects?

Accepted Answer

A)  The basic organization of homeotic genes is the same in both larvae and adult,but the expression of some other genes must be different.
B)  Completely different sets of genes must be used in the development of larvae and the adult.
C)  The order of homeotic genes along the body axis must be different in larvae and adult.
D)  The same genes are expressed at each stage,but the age and number of cells accounts for the minor morphological differences.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

In general,the blastomeres of the _____ form the ectodermal tissues.

Accepted Answer

A)  animal pole
B)  vegetal pole
C)  equator region
D)  membraneE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Overexpression of caudal in the early Drosophila embryo,at a level high enough to overcome inhibition by Bicoid protein,would

Accepted Answer

A)  interfere with the development of anterior structures.
B)  interfere with the development of posterior structures.
C)  interfere with the development of both anterior and posterior structures.
D)  have no effect since the cytoplasm has already been determined.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Which genes are expressed in Drosophila after pattern formation along the A/P axis has been successfully established?

Accepted Answer

A)  totipotent genes
B)  bicoid genes
C)  segment polarity genes
D)  gap genes
E)  homeotic genesF) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

You have discovered a new gene similar to an integrin.If you misexpress this gene in the wrong tissue early in development,what is a likely phenotype?

Accepted Answer

A)  Migration into the wrong area
B)  Apoptosis
C)  Homeotic transformation
D)  Defects in anterior-posterior patterningE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 9

Drosophila eggs acquire an initial asymmetry before fertilization as a result of

Accepted Answer

A)  production of bicoid proteins in one end of the egg.
B)  maternal DNA molecules being deposited in one end of the egg.
C)  nurse cell migration to one end of the egg.
D)  maternal mRNA being deposited in one end of the egg.
E)  attachments of cadherins to one end of the cell.F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 10

How did Briggs and King move the nuclei between cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  With a glass pipet
B)  With a dissecting needle
C)  With a scalpel
D)  With forcepsE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

A complete cell lineage map exists for

Accepted Answer

A)  
C)  elegans.
B)  Drosophila.
C)  mouse.
D)  human.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

A fertilized egg is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  zygote.
B)  ovule.
C)  oocyte.
D)  blastocyst.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

A muscle precursor cell expressing the MyoD1 gene would be considered to be

Accepted Answer

A)  pluripotent.
B)  determined.
C)  differentiated.
D)  totipotent.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

You created a worm that expresses a human Bcl-2 transgene,and you are crossing the transgene into a homozygous ced-9 mutant background.However,you inadvertently used a clone of Bcl-2 with a mutation in the BH domain,which is essential for function.What results do you expect for the ced-9 mutants with the mutant Bcl-2 transgene?

Accepted Answer

A)  131 cells will die.
B)  All 1090 cells will die.
C)  All 1090 cells will live.
D)  959 cells will die.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 15

Adult stem cells are usually

Accepted Answer

A)  differentiated.
B)  totipotent.
C)  pluripotent.
D)  multipotent.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

Check all of the features of C.elegans that make it a great model system to study developmental processes.

Accepted Answer

A)  C.elegans is ubiquitous in the wild
B)  C.elegans is small and fast growing
C)  a complete lineage map exists
D)  the organism is transparent
E)  C.elegans is useful in experimental geneticsF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Exam 19: Cellular Mechanisms of Development

You have discovered a new gene similar to an integrin.If you misexpress this gene in the wrong tissue early in development,what is a likely phenotype?

Correct Answer
verified

In general,the blastomeres of the _____ form the ectodermal tissues.

Correct Answer
verified

A complete cell lineage map exists for

Correct Answer
verified

Adult stem cells are usually

Correct Answer
verified

How did Briggs and King move the nuclei between cells?

Correct Answer
verified

Check all of the features of C.elegans that make it a great model system to study developmental processes.

Correct Answer
verified

Which genes are expressed in Drosophila after pattern formation along the A/P axis has been successfully established?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Plants do not utilize the process of cell migration in their development.Instead plants utilize

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the apoptotic pathway in mammalian cells.

Correct Answer
verified

Many insects,like moths and flies,undergo complete metamorphosis.What would you predict about gene expression in these two kinds of insects?

Correct Answer
verified

Drosophila eggs acquire an initial asymmetry before fertilization as a result of

Correct Answer
verified

A fertilized egg is called a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

There are cases,particularly in fruit flies,in which a normal body part grows in the wrong spot.For instance,legs on the head growing instead of antennae,or a second set of wings behind the normal pair.What can explain this?

Correct Answer
verified

A muscle precursor cell expressing the MyoD1 gene would be considered to be

Correct Answer
verified

Overexpression of caudal in the early Drosophila embryo,at a level high enough to overcome inhibition by Bicoid protein,would

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 19: Cellular Mechanisms of Development

You have discovered a new gene similar to an integrin.If you misexpress this gene in the wrong tissue early in development,what is a likely phenotype?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In general,the blastomeres of the _____ form the ectodermal tissues.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A complete cell lineage map exists for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Adult stem cells are usually

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How did Briggs and King move the nuclei between cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Check all of the features of C.elegans that make it a great model system to study developmental processes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which genes are expressed in Drosophila after pattern formation along the A/P axis has been successfully established?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plants do not utilize the process of cell migration in their development.Instead plants utilize

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the apoptotic pathway in mammalian cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many insects,like moths and flies,undergo complete metamorphosis.What would you predict about gene expression in these two kinds of insects?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Drosophila eggs acquire an initial asymmetry before fertilization as a result of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A fertilized egg is called a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There are cases,particularly in fruit flies,in which a normal body part grows in the wrong spot.For instance,legs on the head growing instead of antennae,or a second set of wings behind the normal pair.What can explain this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A muscle precursor cell expressing the MyoD1 gene would be considered to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Overexpression of caudal in the early Drosophila embryo,at a level high enough to overcome inhibition by Bicoid protein,would

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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