Question 1

Which of the following best describes base excision?

Accepted Answer

A)   removal and replacement of individual bases that have been damaged by various chemical reactions
B)   repair of large lesions that distort DNA
C)   removal of individual bases that have been phosphorylated
D)   repair of small lesions that distort DNAE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 2

Which of the following functions does a reverse transcriptase perform?

Accepted Answer

A)   proofreading
B)   exonuclease activity
C)   convert RNA to DNA
D)   convert DNA to RNAE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Bidirectional replication is defined as replication

Accepted Answer

A)   with one replication fork.
B)   with two replication forks.
C)   that unwinds the DNA completely to replicate.
D)   that replicates the DNA in a given direction.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Which enzyme synthesizes the RNA primer for DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA polymerase
B)   DNA primase
C)   DNA polymerization
D)   DNA Pol IIIE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

What is the difference between a transposon move and a retrotransposon move?

Accepted Answer

Transposons move by a cut-and-paste mech...

Question 6

Describe the experiment that demonstrated that complete unwinding of the chromosome does not occur.

Accepted Answer

John Cairnes grew E. coli in the presenc...

Question 7

The best definition for DNA replication is when a cell copies its genome and is __________ cell division.

Accepted Answer

A)   entire; a required element of
B)   partial; a required element of
C)   entire; not required for
D)   partial; not required forE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

DNA polymerase does not make mismatched base pairs because

Accepted Answer

A)   there are no hydrogen bonds that line up between the mismatches.
B)   the active site does not fit mismatches well.
C)   the mismatched pairs make covalent bonds instead of hydrogen bonds.
D)   the DNA primer does not allow for mismatched pairs.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

Describe the Ames test.

Accepted Answer

The test determines whether or not a sub...

Question 10

What is NOT a likely repair system used if a strand of DNA has a pyrimidine dimer?

Accepted Answer

A)   mismatch repair
B)   direct repair pathway
C)   base excision
D)   nucleotide excisionE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

The 3 ' -hydroxyl group used to initiate DNA synthesis comes from

Accepted Answer

A)   a RNA primer.
B)   the magnesium ion.
C)   uracils, always.
D)   amino acids, always.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

How is an individual with Lynch syndrome at higher risk for cancer?

Accepted Answer

Lynch syndrome is caused by autosomal do...

Question 13

What is the mechanism by which replication errors are fixed in E. coli?

Accepted Answer

A)   degrading of the entire DNA strand to start over
B)   base excision
C)   mismatch repair
D)   abasic repairE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

What role does PARP1 have in repairing a single-strand DNA break?

Accepted Answer

A)   recognizes the break
B)   removes the methyl group from guanine
C)   replaces the mismatched pair
D)   absorbs light to become excitedE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

When a cytosine is deaminated to form uracil and removed by glycosylase enzymes, a __________ site is generated.

Accepted Answer

A)   nonbasic
B)   abasic
C)   dibasic
D)   deaminatedE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Contrast missense mutations, nonsense mutations, and silent mutations.

Accepted Answer

It takes three nucleotide bases in DNA t...

Question 17

Why do helicase and gyrase need to work together?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gyrase adds the RNA primer and helicase removes it.
B)   Helicase unwinds DNA and gyrase relieves the torsional strain.
C)   Helicase synthesizes DNA and gyrase prevents helicase from dissociating.
D)   Gyrase synthesizes RNA primers and helicase.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 18

The main function of the primosome is to

Accepted Answer

A)   synthesize primers for leading strand synthesis.
B)   synthesize primers for lagging strand synthesis.
C)   bind to single-stranded DNA to prevent reannealing.
D)   synthesize new DNA on leading and lagging strand.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

The importance of V(D) J recombination is that it gives rise to new

Accepted Answer

A)   viruses being formed.
B)   DNA combinations.
C)   antibodies.
D)   RNA combinations.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

What are the mechanisms for excision nucleotide repairs in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)   global genomic and mismatch
B)   global genomic and base excision
C)   transcription-coupled and partial genomic
D)   transcription-coupled and global genomicE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Exam 20: DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination

DNA polymerase does not make mismatched base pairs because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the experiment that demonstrated that complete unwinding of the chromosome does not occur.

Correct AnswerverifiedJohn Cairnes grew E. coli in the presenc...View AnswerShow Answer

Which enzyme synthesizes the RNA primer for DNA replication?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The 3 ' -hydroxyl group used to initiate DNA synthesis comes from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the mechanism by which replication errors are fixed in E. coli?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the mechanisms for excision nucleotide repairs in eukaryotes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do helicase and gyrase need to work together?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best describes base excision?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the difference between a transposon move and a retrotransposon move?

Correct AnswerverifiedTransposons move by a cut-and-paste mech...View AnswerShow Answer

The importance of V(D) J recombination is that it gives rise to new

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Contrast missense mutations, nonsense mutations, and silent mutations.

Correct AnswerverifiedIt takes three nucleotide bases in DNA t...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following functions does a reverse transcriptase perform?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bidirectional replication is defined as replication

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How is an individual with Lynch syndrome at higher risk for cancer?

Correct AnswerverifiedLynch syndrome is caused by autosomal do...View AnswerShow Answer

The main function of the primosome is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the Ames test.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe test determines whether or not a sub...View AnswerShow Answer

When a cytosine is deaminated to form uracil and removed by glycosylase enzymes, a __________ site is generated.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The best definition for DNA replication is when a cell copies its genome and is __________ cell division.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What role does PARP1 have in repairing a single-strand DNA break?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is NOT a likely repair system used if a strand of DNA has a pyrimidine dimer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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John Cairnes grew E. coli in the presenc...
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The 3 ^' -hydroxyl group used to initiate DNA synthesis comes from

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Transposons move by a cut-and-paste mech...
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Correct Answer
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It takes three nucleotide bases in DNA t...
View Answer

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Lynch syndrome is caused by autosomal do...
View Answer

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Correct Answer
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The test determines whether or not a sub...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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