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Exam 4: Biology of the Cell

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Question 51

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Mucus is moved along the lining of the trachea by extensions from cell membranes known as

A) cilia.
B) flagella.
C) microvilli.
D) stereovilli.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Question 52

Multiple Choice

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To maintain a resting membrane potential, the sodium-potassium pump

A) actively transports 3 sodium ions out of the cell and 2 potassium ions into the cell.
B) passively transports 3 sodium ions out of the cell and 2 potassium ions into the cell.
C) actively transports 3 potassium ions out of the cell and 2 sodium ions into the cell.
D) passively transports 3 potassium ions out of the cell and 2 sodium ions into the cell.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Question 53

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Generally, the shape of a nucleus mirrors the shape of the cell within which it is found.

The E site of a ribosome is where

In humans, the only cell that bears a flagellum is the ________ cell.

Catalase-containing peroxisomes are most abundant in ________ cells.

The sodium-potassium pump moves both potassium and sodium down their concentration gradients, from higher to lower concentration.

Under normal conditions and when a cell is at "rest," there is more potassium in the cytosol than in the extracellular fluid.

The nuclear envelope consists primarily of

The function of the nucleolus is to make

Tight junctions provide direct passageways for substances to travel between neighboring cells.

________ are short, membrane-attached projections containing microtubules that occur in large numbers on exposed membrane surfaces.

The shape of skeletal muscle cells is described as

If a transport protein moves two solutes across a membrane in opposite directions, the protein is called a countertransporter or ________.

The two identical cells that arise from mitosis are called ________ cells.

The ________ are responsible for synthesizing most of a human body cell's ATP.

Mitochondria engage in aerobic cellular respiration to complete the digestion of fuel molecules to allow for transfer of energy for the synthesis of ATP.

During osmosis, water moves toward the solution with the ________ solute concentration.

DNA is the control center of the cell because it directs the synthesis of proteins, which are responsible for most cellular functions.

________ is the division of the cytoplasm during cell division.