Question 1

When legumes with nitrogen-fixation nodules are given chemical fertilizers with high nitrogen concentrations, they abandon support of the nodules and end the symbiosis.Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mineral nutrients inhibit nitrogenase activity.
B)  Nitrogen gas is no longer available in the soil.
C)  The plant can conserve valuable energy sources by terminating the symbiotic relationship.
D)  The dissolved chemical nutrients are toxic to Rhizobium bacteria.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Blocking the proton pumps in a root would result in a more negative membrane potential and an increase in K+ uptake.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Carnivorous plants evolved because which of the following nutrients is often extremely limited in their habitats?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon
B)  CO2
C)  O2
D)  nitrogenE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 4

Most parasitic plants like other land plants have mycorrhizal symbionts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Certain plants have been genetically modified to secrete citrate, which helps

Accepted Answer

A)  make the phosphate in soils more soluble.
B)  plants make necessary micronutrients.
C)  reveal mineral deficiencies in a plant.
D)  make hydroponic growth possible.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Which of these insectivorous plants does not use an active trapping mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  pitcher plants
B)  Venus flytraps
C)  sundews
D)  the aquatic waterwheelE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Saline soils have a higher water potential than plant roots.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 8

A primary advantage of using integrated nutrient management compared to inorganic chemical fertilizers is that

Accepted Answer

A)  less organic fertilizer is needed than chemical fertilizers.
B)  only organic fertilizers contain micronutrients.
C)  organic fertilizers release nutrients more slowly.
D)  chemical fertilizers are not soluble in water.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

In magnesium-deficient plants the older leaves show more severe symptoms of chlorosis which is a yellowing of the leaves than younger leaves.What is the best explanation?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is more time for the symptoms to develop in older leaves.
B)  Chlorophyll is transported from the older leaves to the younger leaves.
C)  Magnesium is more soluble in younger leaves.
D)  Scarce magnesium is removed from older leaves and translocated to support younger, more active leaves.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

If increased CO2 concentrations result in plant tissue that is less nutritious, which of these is not a potential consequence for insect herbivores?

Accepted Answer

A)  They must eat more tissue.
B)  Their development may be slowed.
C)  They grow fatter because their diet has more carbohydrates.
D)  They use up more energy trying to eat for food.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

Why is it beneficial to plants that soil particles have negatively-charged surfaces?

Accepted Answer

A)  It helps maintain the water potential of the soil.
B)  They attract positively-charged ions and prevent them from being washed deep into the soil.
C)  Negatively-charged ions are pushed towards the roots.
D)  Toxic metals are trapped and kept away from the plants.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 12

A deficiency of ammonia would inhibit the production of which of the following molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  proline and alanine
B)  starch
C)  short chain fatty acids
D)  glucose and fructoseE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

In several studies of plant responses to elevated CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere, scientists often found that the stimulation of growth gradually diminished because

Accepted Answer

A)  more photorespiration occurred.
B)  C3 plants were replaced with C4 plants.
C)  the soil did not contain sufficient nitrogen and other nutrients to support the enhanced growth.
D)  the plants could not store the extra biomass.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following is most limiting for plant growth, especially in relation to the plant's carbon uptake?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorous
B)  potassium
C)  nitrogen
D)  calciumE) All of the above
F) C) and D) C

Question 15

Which of these is considered a potentially dangerous heavy metal contaminant in soil?

Accepted Answer

A)  cadmium
B)  iron
C)  copper
D)  molybdenumE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Which of the following is required by plants in the smallest quantity?

Accepted Answer

A)  boron
B)  potassium
C)  phosphorus
D)  nitrogenE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Heavy metals in contaminated soils can be taken up by hyper-accumulating plants.Lead and cadmium taken up this way are often accumulated in the plants'

Accepted Answer

A)  rhizomes.
B)  trichomes.
C)  stomates.
D)  sclerenchyma.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Plants can remove harmful chemicals from the soil by the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  glandular secretion by leaves.
B)  CO2 activation.
C)  phytoremediation.
D)  fertilization.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

A parasitic plant without chlorophyll is likely to lack leaves.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Inserting a cloned gene for a plasma membrane transporter into crop plants could lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability of a plant to produce its own micronutrients.
B)  extra uptake of minerals that would fortify the crop for human consumption.
C)  the evolution of nodule-formation on the crop plant.
D)  elevated CO2 levels in the atmosphere.E) None of the above
F) B) and D) B

Exam 38: Plant Nutrition and Soils

When legumes with nitrogen-fixation nodules are given chemical fertilizers with high nitrogen concentrations, they abandon support of the nodules and end the symbiosis.Why?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blocking the proton pumps in a root would result in a more negative membrane potential and an increase in K+ uptake.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carnivorous plants evolved because which of the following nutrients is often extremely limited in their habitats?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most parasitic plants like other land plants have mycorrhizal symbionts.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Certain plants have been genetically modified to secrete citrate, which helps

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these insectivorous plants does not use an active trapping mechanism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Saline soils have a higher water potential than plant roots.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

A primary advantage of using integrated nutrient management compared to inorganic chemical fertilizers is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In magnesium-deficient plants the older leaves show more severe symptoms of chlorosis which is a yellowing of the leaves than younger leaves.What is the best explanation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If increased CO2 concentrations result in plant tissue that is less nutritious, which of these is not a potential consequence for insect herbivores?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is it beneficial to plants that soil particles have negatively-charged surfaces?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A deficiency of ammonia would inhibit the production of which of the following molecules?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In several studies of plant responses to elevated CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere, scientists often found that the stimulation of growth gradually diminished because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is most limiting for plant growth, especially in relation to the plant's carbon uptake?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which of these is considered a potentially dangerous heavy metal contaminant in soil?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is required by plants in the smallest quantity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Heavy metals in contaminated soils can be taken up by hyper-accumulating plants.Lead and cadmium taken up this way are often accumulated in the plants'

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plants can remove harmful chemicals from the soil by the process of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A parasitic plant without chlorophyll is likely to lack leaves.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inserting a cloned gene for a plasma membrane transporter into crop plants could lead to

Correct AnswerverifiedB

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Blocking the proton pumps in a root would result in a more negative membrane potential and an increase in K⁺ uptake.

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False

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If increased CO₂ concentrations result in plant tissue that is less nutritious, which of these is not a potential consequence for insect herbivores?

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In several studies of plant responses to elevated CO₂ concentrations in the atmosphere, scientists often found that the stimulation of growth gradually diminished because

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C

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B