Question 1

How many rings of vascular cambium would be found in a tree that is 6 years old?

Accepted Answer

A)  0
B)  1
C)  2
D)  3
E)  6F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 2

At the end of the first year's growth, bark is composed of:

Accepted Answer

A)  periderm.
B)  cork.
C)  all tissues outside the vascular cambium.
D)  only secondary tissues.
E)  only primary tissues.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

In the southern hemisphere, biennials:

Accepted Answer

A)  are represented by weeds.
B)  are annuals.
C)  form seeds and flowers in the same growing season.
D)  usually become woody.
E)  complete their life cycle in two calendar years.F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 4

"Softwood" is the name given to wood:

Accepted Answer

A)  found in conifers.
B)  found in eudicots.
C)  composed of functional phloem.
D)  composed of primary xylem.
E)  having no commercial value.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

As the vascular cambium continues to divide, the cambial cells:

Accepted Answer

A)  are displaced inward.
B)  are displaced outward.
C)  remain in their original location.
D)  cease to divide periclinally.
E)  cease to divide anticlinally.F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

Compression wood:

Accepted Answer

A)  develops on the upper side of a leaning stem.
B)  is produced by increased cambial activity on the lower side of a leaning stem.
C)  is the reaction wood found in angiosperms.
D)  is characterized by wider portions of growth rings on the upper side of the stem.
E)  has less lignin and more cellulose than normal wood.F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 7

Which of the following statements about woody perennials is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some form dormant rhizomes or bulbs during unfavorable seasons.
B)  They include trees and shrubs.
C)  Some flower before they become adult plants.
D)  Some are deciduous.
E)  Some live for many years.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Early wood is more dense than late wood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Conducting phloem:

Accepted Answer

A)  is composed of primary tissue.
B)  is part of the inner bark.
C)  functions primarily to store foods.
D)  consists of living or dead sieve elements.
E)  makes up the majority of secondary phloem in older plants.F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following could never be part of the bark?

Accepted Answer

A)  cortex
B)  secondary xylem
C)  primary phloem
D)  secondary phloem
E)  phellodermF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

The genes that regulate secondary growth are entirely different from those that regulate primary growth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following statements about secondary growth is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It results from the activity of the vascular cambium and the cork cambium.
B)  It is responsible for the increase in girth of a plant.
C)  It can occur simultaneously with primary growth.
D)  Most monocots exhibit considerable secondary growth.
E)  Herbaceous plants undergo little or no secondary growth.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

After the first periderm is formed, additional periderms originate from ______ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  epidermal
B)  pith
C)  cortical
D)  phloem parenchyma
E)  xylem parenchymaF) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Primary phloem would not normally be part of the bark.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Biennials form roots, stems, leaves and flowers in the first growing season and seeds in the second season.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In wood having a high specific gravity, the fibers have ______ walls and ______ lumens.

Accepted Answer

A)  thin; variable
B)  thin; narrow
C)  thin; wide
D)  thick; narrow
E)  thick; wideF) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 17

Which of the following statements about vascular rays is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are composed largely of parenchyma cells.
B)  They serve as barriers to the movement of food substances and water.
C)  They store starch, proteins, and lipids.
D)  They synthesize secondary products.
E)  They are variable in length.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

Conifer wood typically contains more parenchyma than angiosperm wood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The meristematic cells of the vascular cambium are the fusiform initials and the interfascicular initials.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Reactivation of the vascular cambium in the spring is triggered by the expansion of the buds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 26: Secondary Growth in Stems

How many rings of vascular cambium would be found in a tree that is 6 years old?

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Compression wood:

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Biennials form roots, stems, leaves and flowers in the first growing season and seeds in the second season.

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After the first periderm is formed, additional periderms originate from ______ cells.

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Which of the following statements about vascular rays is FALSE?

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Early wood is more dense than late wood.

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Which of the following could never be part of the bark?

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"Softwood" is the name given to wood:

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In the southern hemisphere, biennials:

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Primary phloem would not normally be part of the bark.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In wood having a high specific gravity, the fibers have ______ walls and ______ lumens.

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The genes that regulate secondary growth are entirely different from those that regulate primary growth.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The meristematic cells of the vascular cambium are the fusiform initials and the interfascicular initials.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about secondary growth is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reactivation of the vascular cambium in the spring is triggered by the expansion of the buds.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Conifer wood typically contains more parenchyma than angiosperm wood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Conducting phloem:

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Which of the following statements about woody perennials is FALSE?

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As the vascular cambium continues to divide, the cambial cells:

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At the end of the first year's growth, bark is composed of:

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In wood having a high specific gravity, the fibers have walls and lumens.

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