Question 1

Substances dissolved in the liquid portion of a solution are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   solutes
B)   solvents
C)   catalysts
D)   osmoles
E)   insolubleF) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 2

________ is the substrate of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Glucose; lactose
B)   Lactase; glucose
C)   Lactose; lactase
D)   Galactose; lactose
E)   Sucrase; sucroseF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

Potential energy stored in bonds of molecules is ________ energy.

Accepted Answer

A)   mechanical
B)   thermal
C)   chemical
D)   molecular
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 4

Viruses are composed primarily of proteins and nucleic acids. Which of the following elements could be used to track the fate of viral proteins to determine if they entered the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   Phosphate because proteins contain phosphate, but nucleic acids do not
B)   Sulfur because proteins contain sulfur, but nucleic acids do not
C)   Nitrogen because proteins contain nitrogen, but nucleic acids do not
D)   Oxygen because proteins contain oxygen, but nucleic acids do notE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

A substance that will increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being permanently changed is called a/an ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   solute
B)   catalyst
C)   oxidator
D)   reducing agentE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Denaturation is

Accepted Answer

A)   a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds.
B)   a positively charged ion.
C)   a negatively charged ion.
D)   a substance that conducts electricity when placed in solution.
E)   a change in the three-dimensional structure of a protein.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 7

The molecular formula H2O means

Accepted Answer

A)   1 hydrogen atom and 2 oxygen atoms.
B)   1 hydrogen atom and 1 oxygen atom.
C)   2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom.
D)   2 hydrogen atoms and 2 oxygen atoms.
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 8

________ is a monosaccharide, whereas ________ is a polysaccharide.

Accepted Answer

A)   Fructose; sucrose
B)   Galactose; maltose
C)   Lactose; glycogen
D)   Glucose; starch
E)   Cellulose; glucoseF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 9

Which of these molecules is hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

A)   Glucose
B)   Cholesterol
C)   Amino acid
D)   Protein
E)   DisaccharideF) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   Water allows the body to resist sudden temperature changes.
B)   Water transports nutrients in the body.
C)   Water serves as an effective lubricant in our bodies.
D)   Water evaporation cools the body.
E)   Water evaporation heats the body.F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 11

All of the synthesis reactions in the body are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   catabolism
B)   hydrolysis
C)   oxidation-reduction
D)   anabolism
E)   dissociationF) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 12

Synthesis reactions are also called catabolic reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Ribose is the

Accepted Answer

A)   storage carbohydrate in animals.
B)   storage carbohydrate in plants.
C)   nondigestible plant polysaccharide.
D)   major nutrient for most body cells.
E)   sugar found in RNA and ATP.F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following is a carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Triglyceride
B)   Hemoglobin
C)   Cholesterol
D)   Animal fat
E)   SucroseF) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 15

Enzymes are proteins that increase the rate of chemical reactions by

Accepted Answer

A)   increasing the activation energy of the reaction.
B)   decreasing the activation energy of the reaction.
C)   adjusting the temperature of the reaction.
D)   increasing the concentration of the reactants.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

Which of the following will increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)   An increase in reactant concentration
B)   An increase in product concentration
C)   A decreased temperature
D)   Enzyme inhibitionE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Which of the following is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ribose - RNA
B)   Enzyme - protein
C)   Cholesterol - nucleic acid
D)   Triglyceride - fat
E)   Eicosanoid - prostaglandinF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 18

Sandy had a cookie for a snack. Which of the following statements accurately describes the fate of the carbon atoms in the sugar molecules present in Sandy's cookie after she ingested it?

Accepted Answer

A)   The carbon atoms combined with hydrogen ions to buffer the stomach acids.
B)   The carbon atoms were released as part of carbon dioxide, which later was excreted as part of Sandy's urine.
C)   The carbon atoms were released as part of carbon dioxide, which later was excreted as part of exhaled air.
D)   The carbon atoms were stored in Sandy's bones until they were needed for some other cellular process.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Consider the following five terms. Which term does not belong with the other four terms?

Accepted Answer

A)   Disaccharide
B)   Sucrose
C)   Lactose
D)   Maltose
E)   GlucoseF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Which of these has the highest H+ concentration?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lemon juice, pH = 2.3
B)   Red wine, pH = 3.2
C)   Tomato juice, pH = 4.7
D)   Saliva, pH = 6.6
E)   Household ammonia, pH = 10.8F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Exam 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

Which of the following is a carbohydrate?

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Consider the following five terms. Which term does not belong with the other four terms?

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Sandy had a cookie for a snack. Which of the following statements accurately describes the fate of the carbon atoms in the sugar molecules present in Sandy's cookie after she ingested it?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is the substrate of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Potential energy stored in bonds of molecules is ________ energy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is false?

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Substances dissolved in the liquid portion of a solution are called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Denaturation is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A substance that will increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being permanently changed is called a/an ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these has the highest H+ concentration?

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________ is a monosaccharide, whereas ________ is a polysaccharide.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ribose is the

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Which of the following is mismatched?

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All of the synthesis reactions in the body are called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The molecular formula H2O means

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Which of the following will increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

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Which of these molecules is hydrophobic?

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Synthesis reactions are also called catabolic reactions.

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Viruses are composed primarily of proteins and nucleic acids. Which of the following elements could be used to track the fate of viral proteins to determine if they entered the cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Enzymes are proteins that increase the rate of chemical reactions by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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is the substrate of .

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Which of these has the highest H⁺ concentration?

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is a monosaccharide, whereas is a polysaccharide.

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The molecular formula H₂O means

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