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Deforestation increases the productivity of land.

A) True
B) False

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A population of birds migrating to winter nesting grounds is blown off course by a late- season hurricane and ends up on an island that is uninhabited by any animal species. Which of the following represents a density- independent factor that will limit the population size?


A) Heavily wooded
B) Abundant fruit trees
C) Freshwater spring
D) Abundant berry bushes
E) Nightly temperature dropping below freezing

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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The study of how organisms interact with one another and with their nonliving environment is


A) anatomy.
B) ecosystems.
C) ecology.
D) genetics.
E) morphology.

F) C) and E)
G) None of the above

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A J- curve is typical of a stable population.

A) True
B) False

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In a constant- loss population, an organism has an equal risk of dying at any time during its life span.

A) True
B) False

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A population grows exponentially when


A) emigration exceeds immigration and the birth rate equals the death rate.
B) the birth rate and the death rate are equal.
C) the birth rate exceeds the death rate and immigration exceeds emigration.
D) the carrying capacity is exceeded.
E) the death rate equals the birth rate and immigration is equal to emigration.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Natural populations cannot exceed their carrying capacities.

A) True
B) False

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If a caterpillar eats all of the seedlings in your garden, killing all of them, the caterpillar is acting as a


A) saprophyte.
B) density- independent factor.
C) competitor.
D) predator.
E) parasite.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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A complex, interrelated network of organisms and the surrounding nonliving environment in a defined area is a(n)


A) population.
B) biome.
C) biosphere.
D) ecosystem.
E) community.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Populations that have been relatively undisturbed by humans normally grow, with no limits set by their environments.

A) True
B) False

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Parasites often kill their hosts, although they do not directly benefit from their hosts' death. Yet many ecologists believe that parasites may have beneficial effects on their host populations. Why?

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Parasites tend to destroy weaker and les...

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All the members of a species that live within an ecosystem form a(n) _ .

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  -According to the graph, how long does it take the population of deer that is experiencing moderate growth (r = 0.2)  to reach 3,000 deer? A)  35 years B)  15 years C)  20 years D)  All three populations grow at the same rate. E)  None of the three populations grows to 3,000. -According to the graph, how long does it take the population of deer that is experiencing moderate growth (r = 0.2) to reach 3,000 deer?


A) 35 years
B) 15 years
C) 20 years
D) All three populations grow at the same rate.
E) None of the three populations grows to 3,000.

F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following correctly describes the effect parasites have on their host's population size and on the host itself?


A) Parasites have a density- dependent effect, but they do not affect host death rates.
B) Parasites have a density- dependent effect, and they usually kill their hosts.
C) Parasites have a density- independent effect, and they usually kill their hosts.
D) Parasites have a density- independent effect, but they do not usually kill their hosts.
E) Parasites have a density- dependent effect, but they do not usually kill their hosts.

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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Density- dependent factors become less effective as the population size increases.

A) True
B) False

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A laboratory experiment followed the growth of a flour beetle (Tribolium sp.) population over time. At first, the population increased dramatically, but later the growth slowed and the population size leveled off. Although food (the wheat flour in which they live) was still abundant, the flour beetles resorted to eating their own eggs when population densities got high. What can we conclude about cannibalism in this species?


A) We cannot reach any conclusions based on the information provided.
B) It is a density- independent means of population control.
C) It has no effect on the growth of the population, as food scarcity is clearly the limiting factor.
D) It is clearly maladaptive, as populations always do best when their densities increase as much as possible.
E) It is a density- dependent means of population control.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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According to the equation for population growth rate, if two populations have the same death rates, then the population with r = 2 will increase more rapidly than a population with r = 4.

A) True
B) False

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In areas that have a stable population, the number of children born in a period of time is


A) approximately equal to the number of adults.
B) higher than the number of adults.
C) lower than the number of adults.
D) increasing.
E) decreasing.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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Write an equation that describes a situation in which a population remains stable.

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Birth + immigration = death + ...

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Parasitism is a density- dependent population control.

A) True
B) False

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