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What three factors of a drainage basin influence the flow response to rainfall? What three factors of a drainage basin influence the flow response to rainfall? A) slope B) size C) shape D) all of these


A) slope
B) size
C) shape
D) all of these

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following features is NOT formed by stream deposition?


A) broad plains next to a braided stream
B) a floodplain
C) a delta
D) a waterfall

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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What could cause this stream to begin carving into the landscape? What could cause this stream to begin carving into the landscape? A) if base level is lowered, such as a drop in sea level B) if the land is uplifted relative to the sea C) if a change in climate weathers and weakens the rocks D) all of these


A) if base level is lowered, such as a drop in sea level
B) if the land is uplifted relative to the sea
C) if a change in climate weathers and weakens the rocks
D) all of these

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Feature A, formed where the Nile River encounters the Mediterranean Sea, is: Feature A, formed where the Nile River encounters the Mediterranean Sea, is: A) a landslide B) a series of waterfalls C) a delta D) all of these


A) a landslide
B) a series of waterfalls
C) a delta
D) all of these

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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When meander scars are filled with water, they are called:


A) oxbow lakes
B) point bars
C) river terraces
D) floodplain
E) main channels

F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

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What is the mostly likely setting for this drainage pattern? What is the mostly likely setting for this drainage pattern? A) the rocks have a relatively equal resistance to erosion B) drainages have followed a series of fractures that branch off of one another C) the area has folded or faulted rocks with different resistances to erosion D) a volcano once existed here but has been partly eroded away


A) the rocks have a relatively equal resistance to erosion
B) drainages have followed a series of fractures that branch off of one another
C) the area has folded or faulted rocks with different resistances to erosion
D) a volcano once existed here but has been partly eroded away

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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The term hundred-year flood signifies:


A) the size of a flood that is predicted to have a 1 in 100 probability of occurring in a given year
B) the size of a flood that is predicted to occur every year for 100 years continuously
C) a general term for a very large flooding event

D) A) and B)
E) All of the above

Correct Answer

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What is a floodplain?


A) A broad strip of land built up by sedimentation on either side of a stream channel. Covered with water during a flood.
B) A body of sediment deposited at the mouth of a stream when the stream's velocity decreases.
C) A ridge of sediment, usually sand or gravel, deposited in the middle or along the banks of a stream.
D) Step-like landforms found above a stream.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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A depositional feature that has been deposited on the inside of a curve because of lower velocity is known as a:


A) point bar
B) midchannel bar
C) meander cutoff

D) A) and B)
E) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Which of the following features can be formed by deposition along a low-gradient stream?


A) point bar
B) oxbow lake
C) cutbank
D) none of these

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is the correct relationship between stream velocity and sediment load?


A) As velocity increases, so does the stream's capacity to carry a larger load.
B) As velocity increases, the amount of sediment carried by the stream decreases.
C) There is no definite relationship between velocity and sediment load.

D) B) and C)
E) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is true about the 1993 upper Mississippi River flood and 1976 Thompson River flood?


A) both floods lasted approximately the same amount of time
B) both floods resulted from similar-sized storms
C) in both floods, most damage occurred on a broad floodplain adjacent to the river
D) none of these

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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These are formed when a steep drainage enters a broad valley and the sediments and debris are deposited.


A) alluvial fans
B) lakes
C) waterfalls
D) rapids

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following influences whether a flood occurs?


A) the height of levees
B) the amount of discharge
C) urbanization replacing farms or natural land with buildings)
D) the width of the channel
E) all of these are influences

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements about streams is NOT true?


A) base level is the lowest elevation to which a stream can erode
B) a steep stream high above base level generally will be eroding its channel
C) some streams can simply transport material instead of eroding or depositing material
D) streams typically do not respond to a change in climate

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is true about levees?


A) they are a reliable way to protect an area from flooding
B) to be called a levee, a feature needs to be at least partly constructed by humans
C) a levee can trap water on the floodplain after the flood has subsided
D) none of these

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is true about transport of sediment in a stream?


A) Pebbles and cobbles are mostly transported by suspension.
B) Sediment that is deposited within a stream bed is unlikely to be transported again.
C) Sand can be transported in a series of bounces along the stream bed.
D) Slower current can carry larger clasts because the water is in contact with each clast for a longer time.
E) Sand grains are converted into salt by the process of saltation.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Correct Answer

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What could cause a canyon to be deeper upstream than downstream? What could cause a canyon to be deeper upstream than downstream? A) the area upstream could be uplifted more than areas downstream B) the area upstream is higher above base level and so results in deep erosion C) a steeper gradient allows more erosion upstream D) all of these


A) the area upstream could be uplifted more than areas downstream
B) the area upstream is higher above base level and so results in deep erosion
C) a steeper gradient allows more erosion upstream
D) all of these

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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What units of measure would most likely be represented by letters A-E on the bottom of the accompanying hydrograph? What units of measure would most likely be represented by letters A-E on the bottom of the accompanying hydrograph? A) meters B) hours C) kilograms D) miles


A) meters
B) hours
C) kilograms
D) miles

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Small, branching channels that carry water away from the main river channel and distribute it over the surface of the delta are known as:


A) distributaries
B) meanders
C) braided

D) B) and C)
E) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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