Question 1

What process generates many B cells and T cells that are activated against speciﬁc antigens?

Accepted Answer

A)   Antigen presentation
B)   Antigen expression
C)   Antibody production
D)   Clonal expansion
E)   OpsonizationF) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 2

Cell surface markers involved in immune reactions _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   are the result of genetic expression
B)   function in recognition of self molecules
C)   receive and transmit chemical messages among other cells of the system
D)   aid in cellular development
E)   All of these choices are correct.F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 3

Plasma cells _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   secrete antibodies
B)   directly destroy target cells
C)   suppress immune reactions
D)   activate B cells and other T cells
E)   function in allergic reactionsF) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 4

The monomer subunit of immunoglobulin molecules has all of the following except _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   a variable and constant region on each polypeptide chain
B)   two identical heavy polypeptide chains
C)   two identical light polypeptide chains
D)   disulﬁde bonds between polypeptide chains
E)   four antigen binding sitesF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

Which process involves antibodies coating microorganisms in order to facilitate phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Neutralization
B)   Anamnestic response
C)   Complement ﬁxation
D)   Agglutination
E)   OpsonizationF) A) and C)
G) All of the above E

Question 6

Which lymphocytes lack speciﬁcity for antigen and attack cancer cells and virus-infected cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   Suppressor T cells
B)   Natural killer (NK)  cells
C)   Cytotoxic T cells
D)   Delayed hypersensitivity T cells
E)   Helper T cellsF) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 7

Activation of B cells can occur when antigen binds to B cell surface immunoglobulin receptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Fluzone is a brand name for a very commonly given in?uenza vaccine. The vaccine is prepared by ?rst harvesting ?u viruses in chicken embryos and then breaking apart virus particles into protein subunits, thereby inactivating the virus. Your friend refuses to get the vaccine. Which of these statements is the only valid reason for her not to get the ?u vaccine?

Accepted Answer

A)   She is allergic to eggs.
B)   She could catch the ?u from the inactivated vaccine.
C)   She could pass the virus onto her baby, causing the child to become autistic.
D)   She could die from the vaccine.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

Antitoxins _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   contain modiﬁed bacterial exotoxin molecules
B)   contain select antigenic components of a pathogen rather than whole cells or viruses
C)   are always genetically engineered
D)   utilize DNA strands that will produce the antigen
E)   confer passive immunityF) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

The histocompatibility complex proteins function in _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   B cell maturation
B)   antibody proliferation
C)   T cell maturation
D)   recognition of selfE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

A patient enters your clinic with a suspected helminthic infection. In support of this diagnosis, you suspect elevated levels of which antibody in the patient's serum?

Accepted Answer

A)   IgG
B)   IgM
C)   IgE
D)   IgDE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

Each _____ fragment of an antibody molecule contains the variable regions of a heavy and light chain that folds into a groove for one epitope.

Accepted Answer

A)   hinge
B)   FAb
C)   variable
D)   terminal
E)   FcF) None of the above
G) A) and B) B

Question 13

All of the following are characteristics of IgM except _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   it has 10 antigen binding sites
B)   it is a dimer
C)   it can serve as a B-cell receptor
D)   it is the ﬁrst class synthesized by a plasma cell
E)   it contains a central J chainF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

In order for B cells to produce antibodies and cytotoxic T cells to attack infected host cells, they must ﬁrst _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   undergo maturation, encounter their speciﬁc antigen target, and then become activated through cytokines
B)   recognize self markers, develop speciﬁcity for the markers, and then produce clones
C)   be activated by interleukins, encounter an antigen, and then develop speciﬁcity toward it
D)   encounter an antigen, develop speciﬁcity for that antigen, and then remember the antigenE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

The adaptive immune system is complex, but it can be summarized in four consecutive stages: i) lymphocyte encounter with an immunogen, ii) development of lymphocyte speci?city against that immunogen, iii) 2nd encounter with the immunogen, and iv) development of memory cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Live, attenuated vaccines _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   include the Sabin polio vaccine
B)   include the measles, mumps, rubella vaccine (MMR) 
C)   contain viable microbes that can multiply in the person
D)   require smaller doses and fewer boosters compared to inactivated vaccines
E)   All of these choices are correct.F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 17

Which process involves antibodies covering surface receptors on a virus or toxin molecule, thereby disrupting their activity?

Accepted Answer

A)   Agglutination
B)   Neutralization
C)   Opsonization
D)   Anamnestic response
E)   Complement ﬁxationF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

Which process involves a more rapid synthesis and greatly increased titer of antibody when the immune system is subsequently exposed to the same antigen?

Accepted Answer

A)   Anamnestic response
B)   Opsonization
C)   Neutralization
D)   Agglutination
E)   Complement ﬁxationF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

Which of the following do not serve as antigen presenting cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   Macrophages
B)   Basophils
C)   Dendritic cells
D)   B lymphocytesE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 20

All of the following statements reﬂect the qualities of a safe and effective vaccine, except _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   it should have a long shelf-life, be cheap to produce, and easy to administer
B)   it should confer both humoral and cell-mediated immunity
C)   eﬃcacy must be maintained by booster shots every ﬁve years
D)   the injected material should be antigenic, but not pathogenicE) None of the above
F) C) and D) C

Exam 15: Host Defenses Ii: Specific Immunity and Immunization

What process generates many B cells and T cells that are activated against speciﬁc antigens?

Correct Answer
verified

Cell surface markers involved in immune reactions _______.

Correct Answer
verified

Plasma cells _______.

Correct Answer
verified

The monomer subunit of immunoglobulin molecules has all of the following except _______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which process involves antibodies coating microorganisms in order to facilitate phagocytosis?

Correct Answer
verified
E

Which lymphocytes lack speciﬁcity for antigen and attack cancer cells and virus-infected cells?

Correct Answer
verified

Activation of B cells can occur when antigen binds to B cell surface immunoglobulin receptors.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Antitoxins _______.

Correct Answer
verified

The histocompatibility complex proteins function in _______.

Correct Answer
verified

A patient enters your clinic with a suspected helminthic infection. In support of this diagnosis, you suspect elevated levels of which antibody in the patient's serum?

Correct Answer
verified

Each _____ fragment of an antibody molecule contains the variable regions of a heavy and light chain that folds into a groove for one epitope.

Correct Answer
verified
B

All of the following are characteristics of IgM except _______.

Correct Answer
verified

In order for B cells to produce antibodies and cytotoxic T cells to attack infected host cells, they must ﬁrst _______.

Correct Answer
verified

The adaptive immune system is complex, but it can be summarized in four consecutive stages: i) lymphocyte encounter with an immunogen, ii) development of lymphocyte speci?city against that immunogen, iii) 2nd encounter with the immunogen, and iv) development of memory cells.

Correct Answer
verified

Live, attenuated vaccines _______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which process involves antibodies covering surface receptors on a virus or toxin molecule, thereby disrupting their activity?

Correct Answer
verified

Which process involves a more rapid synthesis and greatly increased titer of antibody when the immune system is subsequently exposed to the same antigen?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following do not serve as antigen presenting cells?

Correct Answer
verified

All of the following statements reﬂect the qualities of a safe and effective vaccine, except _______.

Correct Answer
verified
C

Exam 15: Host Defenses Ii: Specific Immunity and Immunization

What process generates many B cells and T cells that are activated against speciﬁc antigens?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cell surface markers involved in immune reactions _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plasma cells _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The monomer subunit of immunoglobulin molecules has all of the following except _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which process involves antibodies coating microorganisms in order to facilitate phagocytosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Which lymphocytes lack speciﬁcity for antigen and attack cancer cells and virus-infected cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Activation of B cells can occur when antigen binds to B cell surface immunoglobulin receptors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antitoxins _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The histocompatibility complex proteins function in _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A patient enters your clinic with a suspected helminthic infection. In support of this diagnosis, you suspect elevated levels of which antibody in the patient's serum?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each _____ fragment of an antibody molecule contains the variable regions of a heavy and light chain that folds into a groove for one epitope.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

All of the following are characteristics of IgM except _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order for B cells to produce antibodies and cytotoxic T cells to attack infected host cells, they must ﬁrst _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The adaptive immune system is complex, but it can be summarized in four consecutive stages: i) lymphocyte encounter with an immunogen, ii) development of lymphocyte speci?city against that immunogen, iii) 2nd encounter with the immunogen, and iv) development of memory cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Live, attenuated vaccines _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which process involves antibodies covering surface receptors on a virus or toxin molecule, thereby disrupting their activity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which process involves a more rapid synthesis and greatly increased titer of antibody when the immune system is subsequently exposed to the same antigen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following do not serve as antigen presenting cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following statements reﬂect the qualities of a safe and effective vaccine, except _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Correct Answer
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E

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B

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C