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An information- and communication-based electronic exchange environment mostly occupied by sophisticated computer and telecommunications technologies and digital offerings is referred to as


A) Internet marketing.
B) marketspace.
C) electronic commerce.
D) marketplace.
E) e-exchange.

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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When shopping on the Internet, most consumers assume their personal information is confidential. If a web retailer proposed sharing its customer information with its partners without telling users, this is related most directly to consumers' right to


A) be heard.
B) be treated courteously.
C) safety.
D) quality.
E) be informed.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Which of the following is considered one of the major factors that influences an individual's personal moral philosophy and ethical behavior?


A) organizational structures
B) corporate culture and expectations
C) national and local legislation
D) the strength and stability of political parties
E) a nation's moral philosophy

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Oil prices have an impact on transportation costs for many types of products. Should oil prices change, the price consumers pay for products is often adjusted accordingly. Changing oil prices would be an example of ________ force.


A) a social
B) an economic
C) a technological
D) a competitive
E) a regulatory

F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

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During a recessionary period, which of the following economic behavior would be expected?


A) Consumer spending would increase.
B) The use of credit would decline.
C) Taxes would increase nationally.
D) Property values would jump dramatically.
E) Consumers would use the majority of their discretionary income on entertainment.

F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

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A key difference between cause marketing and a charitable contribution is


A) a charitable contribution provides an organization with a lower tax deduction.
B) there is no limit to the amount of charitable deductions a firm can make, but a firm is limited to the number of cause marketing efforts it can make during a fiscal year.
C) charitable donations are contributed at the sole discretion of the firm while the amount for cause marketing is directly affected by consumers' purchases.
D) cause marketing is generally linked to public causes and concerns while straight charitable contributions are generally given to private institutions.
E) there is essentially no difference between a charitable contribution and cause marketing.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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During a recessionary period, which of the following economic behavior would be expected?


A) Consumer would switch from premium brands to lower-priced ones.
B) Consumer use of credit would increase.
C) Taxes would increase nationally.
D) Property values would jump dramatically.
E) Consumers would use the majority of their discretionary income on groceries.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Technology is defined as


A) any device or process based on scientific discoveries that are less than one year old.
B) any mechanical device used in the production or distribution of a product.
C) scientific findings that are used now or are able to generate a profit.
D) ideas or concepts that will one day be translated into usable devices, mechanisms, or processes.
E) the inventions or innovations from applied science or engineering research.

F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Identify and describe the two types of personal moral philosophy.

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Ultimately, ethical choices are based on...

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Which of the following statements regarding social forces is most accurate?


A) Changes in social forces can have a dramatic impact on marketing strategy.
B) Social forces within an organization motivate employees to improve their productivity.
C) Social forces determine all of the other environmental forces that affect an organization.
D) Of all the environmental forces, social forces are the easiest for a marketer to manipulate.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Technological advances can replace or substitute for existing products in a relatively short period. IBM's Watson is a likely replacement or substitute for


A) TV broadcasts.
B) digital video recorders.
C) a customer service representative.
D) printed publications.
E) plastic credit cards.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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There are only three major recording labels in the world- Sony BMG, Universal Music Group, and Warner Music Group. They are responsible for the vast majority of music recordings that are made. Harry says that these three music companies operate as an oligopoly. Maryanne says that they operate as monopolistic competition. Explain how each came to his or her conclusion. Who is correct?

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Monopolistic competition occurs when man...

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According to population estimates, ________ have recently surpassed baby boomers as the largest living generation, with 75 million people.


A) the gray market.
B) baby busters.
C) Generation X.
D) the baby boomerang.
E) millennials.

F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

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Small businesses employ about ________ of all private-sector employees.


A) one-quarter
B) one-third
C) one-half
D) three-quarters
E) 90 percent

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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All of the following are economic indicators except which?


A) inflation
B) barriers to entry
C) unemployment
D) GDP
E) deflation

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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All of the following statements about a person's moral philosophy are true except which?


A) Moral philosophy is usually in written form in the workplace.
B) Moral philosophy is learned through the process of socialization with family and friends.
C) Moral philosophy is influenced by the corporate culture a person is in.
D) Moral philosophy can be learned through formal education.
E) Moral philosophy is influenced by the societal culture a person is in.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Triple-bottom line refers to


A) the recognition of the need for organizations to improve the state of people, the planet, and profit simultaneously if they are to achieve sustainable, long-term growth.
B) the obligations an organization has to those who can affect achievement of its sales, profit, and market share objectives simultaneously.
C) the recognition of the need for organizations to be responsible simultaneously to shareholders, employees, and customers.
D) the obligations an organization has to practice profit, stakeholder, and societal responsibility simultaneously.
E) three different financial statements prepared in three different formats: one for governmental regulators, one for shareholders, and one for internal use.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Whistle-blowers refer to


A) employees who are simultaneously employed by competing firms and who trade company secrets.
B) employees who blackmail or extort money from their employers.
C) employees who are coerced by their employers to participate in illegal or unethical activities.
D) customers who report unethical or illegal actions of the firms that market the offerings they purchased.
E) employees who report unethical or illegal actions of their employers.

F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

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Though definitions are inconsistent, Generation Y, especially its younger members, are frequently associated with


A) the echo bust.
B) the baby bust.
C) the lost generation.
D) the baby boomerang.
E) millennials.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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The duty of a firm to maximize financial returns for its owners or stockholders is referred to as


A) social responsibility.
B) value consciousness.
C) benefit marketing.
D) profit responsibility.
E) stakeholder responsibility.

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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