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The ability to think on the spot is referred to as _____ intelligence.


A) fluid
B) general
C) practical
D) crystallized

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Martin is majoring in political science. He probably has a high level of _____ intelligence.


A) naturalistic
B) bodily-kinesthetic
C) intrapersonal
D) interpersonal

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Phoebe is in grade 8 and is 13 years, 6 months old. Nancy is also in grade 8 and is 13 years, 7 months old. Trina is in grade 9 and is 13 years, 8 months old. Research would indicate that


A) Nancy's IQ score will be higher than the IQ scores of Phoebe and Trina.
B) Nancy's IQ score will be closer to Phoebe's IQ score than to Trina's IQ score.
C) Trina's IQ score will be closer to Phoebe's IQ score than to Nancy's IQ score.
D) Nancy's IQ score will be equally close to Phoebe's and Trina's IQ scores.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Which approach(es) is/are a DIRECT way of identifying words?


A) both visually based retrieval and phonological recoding
B) visually based retrieval
C) phonological recoding
D) neither visually based retrieval nor phonological recoding

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Simone has always hated math class. She tries to avoid math if she can, putting off her homework and not studying for her math class. She doesn't think she is good at math compared to her peers. What is going on with Simone and why?

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Simone is demonstrating mathematics anxi...

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Reading comprehension and writing are NOT enhanced by


A) metacognitive understanding.
B) content knowledge.
C) automatization.
D) naturalistic intelligence.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Which arithmetic strategy is typically the FASTEST?


A) decomposition
B) retrieval
C) counting from 1
D) counting from the larger addend

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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What is the extent of influence of the shared environment and genetics on IQ score in children living in affluent and impoverished families?


A) For children living in both types of families, the influence of the shared environment is stronger than is the influence of genetics.
B) For children living in both types of families, the influence of genetics is stronger than is the influence of the shared environment.
C) For children living in affluent families, the influence of the shared environment is stronger than is the influence of genetics, and the pattern is reversed for impoverished families.
D) For children living in impoverished families, the influence of the shared environment is stronger than is the influence of genetics, and the pattern is reversed for affluent families.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Which of these is NOT considered a primary mental ability?


A) word fluency
B) verbal meaning
C) reasoning
D) musical talent

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Sandra Scarr has proposed three processes by which an individual's genes are associated with the type of environment he or she encounters. Which of Scarr's processes involves children's influence on other people's behaviour?


A) active
B) passive
C) evocative
D) inductive

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Which statement about HOME scores is the BEST representation of current research?


A) They correlate positively with IQ score at the same age but not at a later age.
B) They exert a causal influence on IQ score at the same age but not at a later age.
C) They correlate positively with IQ score both at the same age and at a later age.
D) They exert a causal influence on IQ score both at the same age and at a later age.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Describe the controversy about how intelligence should be defined. What resolution has been proposed by John Carroll?

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There are various ways in which intellig...

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Sternberg is the founder of which theory of intelligence?


A) multiple intelligences
B) theory of successful intelligence
C) g
D) three-stratum

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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The existence of prodigies such as Mozart is evidence of the theory of intelligence developed by which scholar?


A) Gardner
B) Sternberg
C) Binet
D) Carroll

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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Considering the research on the influence of schooling on IQ, which statement would be the BEST advice to give to a state board of education?


A) Have children start grade 1 when they are 7 years old, rather than the traditional age of 6 years.
B) Allow parents to push a child ahead one or two grades if they believe the child is ready.
C) Lengthen the school year by shortening summer vacation.
D) Create grades 13 and 14 to extend the number of years in high school.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Think about your fellow students in high school or university. Describe two of them, one whose IQ score (at least your assumption of it) is consistent with his or her grades in the way in which you would expect, and one whose IQ score is less consistent with his or her grades. For the person whose IQ score is less consistent with his or her grades, explain the inconsistency. What other factors appear to have an influence on grades for this person?

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Answers for this question will vary. How...

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Which statement is TRUE regarding the genetic component of intelligence?


A) There is one major gene that contributes to intelligence.
B) There are a small number of mastery genes that contribute to intelligence.
C) There are many different genes that contribute to and interact to contribute to intelligence.
D) There is no genetic component related to intelligence.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Research examining the associations between IQ scores and outcomes such as income and occupational success has demonstrated that


A) IQ score is more closely related to individuals' occupational success than any other factor ever studied.
B) regardless of the socioeconomic status of an individual's family of origin, individuals with high IQ scores always succeed.
C) other factors, such as motivation and social skills, have little impact on economic success.
D) people with comparable IQ scores tend to make similar amounts of money, despite variability in level of education.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Nursery rhymes are particularly good at fostering which pre-reading skill?


A) comprehension monitoring
B) phonemic awareness
C) understanding multiple perspectives
D) learning that words have spaces between them

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Binet's approach to intelligence has persuaded the field of child development to


A) concentrate on the effect of race on intelligence.
B) examine age-related changes more carefully.
C) study the influences of nature versus nurture.
D) focus on individual differences.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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