Question 1

-A group of molecular biologists is trying to synthesize a new artificial compound to mimic the effects of a known hormone that influences sexual behaviour.They have turned to you for advice.Which of the following compounds is most likely to mimic the effects of the hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  a compound with the same number of carbon atoms as the hormone
B)  a compound with the same molecular mass (measured in daltons) as the hormone
C)  a compound with the same three-dimensional shape as part of the hormone
D)  a compound with the same number of orbital electrons as the hormone
E)  a compound with the same number of hydrogen and nitrogen atoms as the hormoneF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-How many neutrons are present in the nucleus of a phosphorus-32 (³²P) atom (see the figure above) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  5
B)  15
C)  16
D)  17
E)  32F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
You are investigating how chemical reactions occur.You place two reactants together and measure the concentration of product at regular intervals.After a time,the amount of product becomes stable.
-This solution has

Accepted Answer

A)  used up all the reactants, so no more product can be made.
B)  used up all the product, so no more reaction is occurring.
C)  reached equilibrium, where there is no more formation of the product.
D)  reached equilibrium, where the net formation of both product and reactants is neutral.
E)  become saturated.F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 4

The reactivity of an atom arises from

Accepted Answer

A)  the average distance of the outermost electron shell from the nucleus.
B)  the existence of unpaired electrons in the valence shell.
C)  the sum of the potential energies of all the electron shells.
D)  the potential energy of the valence shell.
E)  the energy difference between the s and p orbitals.F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 5

Atoms whose outer electron shells contain 8 electrons tend to

Accepted Answer

A)  form ions in aqueous solutions.
B)  form hydrogen bonds in aqueous solutions.
C)  be stable and chemically nonreactive, or inert.
D)  be gaseous at room temperature.
E)  be both chemically inert and gaseous at room temperature.F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 6

Which of the following correctly describes water's unique properties?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrogen bonds in liquid water form a crystalline structure.
B)  Water has a low heat of vaporization resulting in the evaporative cooling effect we experience when we sweat.
C)  Water has a low specific heat resulting in a significant amount of heat being released when hydrogen bonds form.
D)  Water is a non-polar molecule because oxygen and hydrogen have the same electronegativities.
E)  Water molecules like to stick together due to hydrogen bonding.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C) E

Question 7

-Which one of the atoms shown would be most likely to form a cation with a charge of +1?

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)   F) B) and E)
G) C) and D) A

Question 8

Chemical bond/interaction strength appears in what order?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrogen > covalent > ionic > VanderWaals.
B)  Covalent > ionic > hydrogen > VanderWaals.
C)  Covalent > hydrogen > ionic > VanderWaals.
D)  VanderWaals > hydrogen > ionic > covalent.
E)  Ionic > hydrogen > VanderWaals > covalent.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 9

The atomic number of chlorine is 17.The atomic number of magnesium is 12.What is the formula for magnesium chloride?

Accepted Answer

A)  MgCl
B)  MgCl₂
C)  Mg₂Cl
D)  Mg₂Cl₂
E)  MgCl₃F) B) and E)
G) B) and D) B

Question 10

Magnesium has an atomic number of 12.What is the most stable charge for a magnesium ion?

Accepted Answer

A)  a +1 charge
B)  a +2 charge
C)  a -1 charge
D)  a -2 chargeE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Which of the following is not considered to be a weak molecular interaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  a covalent bond
B)  a van der Waals interaction
C)  an ionic bond in the presence of water
D)  a hydrogen bond
E)  both a hydrogen bond and a covalent bondF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 12

The combining of the metal,sodium,with the poisonous gas,chlorine,to produce an edible product,salt,is a good example of

Accepted Answer

A)  essential elements.
B)  emergent properties.
C)  covalent interactions.
D)  Van der Waals interactions.
E)  chemical equilibrium.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-Based on electron configuration,which of these elements in the figure above would exhibit a chemical behaviour most like that of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon
B)  hydrogen
C)  nitrogen
D)  sulphur
E)  phosphorusF) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 14

Phosphorus-32,a radioactive isotope of phosphorus-31 (atomic number 15) ,undergoes a form of radioactive decay whereby a neutron turns into a proton and emits radiation in the form of an electron.What is the product of such radioactive decay of phosphorus-32?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorus-31
B)  a positively charged phosphorus-31 ion
C)  a negatively charged phosphorus-32 ion
D)  sulphur-32 (atomic number 16) 
E)  the conversion of the phosphorus-32 atom into pure energyF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 15

Oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 16.Thus,what is the atomic mass of an oxygen atom?

Accepted Answer

A)  exactly 8 grams
B)  exactly 8 daltons
C)  approximately 16 grams
D)  approximately 16 daltons
E)  24 amu (atomic mass units) F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

Why does radiometric dating allow researchers to determine the age of fossils?

Accepted Answer

A)  Radioactive isotopes are incorporated into living organisms easier than the corresponding non-radioactive isotope.
B)  The half-life for all isotopes are all long, in the order of years.
C)  The "parent" isotope decays into the "daughter" isotope at a fixed rate.
D)  All radioactive isotopes have the same half-life.
E)  All elements incorporated into living organisms have radioactive isotopes.F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 17

The nucleus of a nitrogen atom contains 7 neutrons and 7 protons.Which of the following is a correct statement concerning nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

A)  The nitrogen atom has a mass number of approximately 7 daltons and an atomic mass of 14.
B)  The nitrogen atom has a mass number of approximately 14 daltons and an atomic mass of 7.
C)  The nitrogen atom has a mass number of 14 and an atomic mass of 7 grams.
D)  The nitrogen atom has a mass number of 7 and an atomic number of 14.
E)  The nitrogen atom has a mass number of 14 and an atomic mass of approximately 14 daltons.F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 18

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-Which drawing in the figure above depicts an atom with a valence of 3?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  D
E)  EF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

Which of the following correctly describes electrons?

Accepted Answer

A)  An electron can move from one shell to another only if the energy the electron gains is greater than the difference in energy between the energy levels of the two shells.
B)  Electrons are involved in the chemical reactions between atoms.
C)  Electrons are neutral.
D)  Electrons can move from the nucleus to higher energy levels when they absorb energy.
E)  Protons, neutrons and electrons have equal mass.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

What is the maximum number of hydrogen atoms that can be covalently bonded in a molecule containing two carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  2
B)  3
C)  4
D)  6
E)  8F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Exam 2: The Chemical Context of Life

-A group of molecular biologists is trying to synthesize a new artificial compound to mimic the effects of a known hormone that influences sexual behaviour.They have turned to you for advice.Which of the following compounds is most likely to mimic the effects of the hormone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -How many neutrons are present in the nucleus of a phosphorus-32 (³²P) atom (see the figure above) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following information to answer the questions below. You are investigating how chemical reactions occur.You place two reactants together and measure the concentration of product at regular intervals.After a time,the amount of product becomes stable. -This solution has

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reactivity of an atom arises from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Atoms whose outer electron shells contain 8 electrons tend to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly describes water's unique properties?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

-Which one of the atoms shown would be most likely to form a cation with a charge of +1?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Chemical bond/interaction strength appears in what order?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The atomic number of chlorine is 17.The atomic number of magnesium is 12.What is the formula for magnesium chloride?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Magnesium has an atomic number of 12.What is the most stable charge for a magnesium ion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not considered to be a weak molecular interaction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The combining of the metal,sodium,with the poisonous gas,chlorine,to produce an edible product,salt,is a good example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Based on electron configuration,which of these elements in the figure above would exhibit a chemical behaviour most like that of oxygen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phosphorus-32,a radioactive isotope of phosphorus-31 (atomic number 15) ,undergoes a form of radioactive decay whereby a neutron turns into a proton and emits radiation in the form of an electron.What is the product of such radioactive decay of phosphorus-32?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 16.Thus,what is the atomic mass of an oxygen atom?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why does radiometric dating allow researchers to determine the age of fossils?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nucleus of a nitrogen atom contains 7 neutrons and 7 protons.Which of the following is a correct statement concerning nitrogen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which drawing in the figure above depicts an atom with a valence of 3?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly describes electrons?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the maximum number of hydrogen atoms that can be covalently bonded in a molecule containing two carbon atoms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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