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To meet the need for enlistment in the army,what actions were taken?


A) Soldiers must provide their own equipment.
B) Soldiers were hired from Barbarian units.
C) Soldiers need only serve for ten years in order to receive land allocations.
D) Slaves could earn freedom for serving in the military.
E) Women were allowed to serve in non-combat positions.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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The first emperor who died without naming a successor,leaving selection to the military,was


A) Nero
B) Tiberius
C) Augustus
D) Vespasian
E) Nerva

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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For most Romans,participation in the imperial cult was considered


A) a political act.
B) an essential part of religious worship.
C) one more god in a polytheistic culture.
D) blasphemy.
E) none of these.

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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Christianity prospered in urban areas for all of these reasons except


A) There was a large enough population to find converts.
B) There were diverse peoples who were dissatisfied with Roman religion.
C) There were Jewish communities who were predisposed to conversion.
D) It was easier to hide covert religious activities in more populous areas.
E) There was significant anti-Semitism in the more rural areas.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The death of Decius while fighting invaders was seen by Christians as


A) punishment by God.
B) the first significant victory for the Goths.
C) a sign that the Roman Empire needed to reconstitute a large army.
D) an indication that the Roman Empire should extend citizenship to barbarians to obtain peace.
E) None of these.

F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

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What was considered the most dangerous frontier in the Empire under Augustus?


A) The Germanic border
B) Dacia
C) Britain
D) Thrace
E) Egypt

F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

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How did Roman trade with those outside their empire bring benefit or decline to the Roman Empire?

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As with the Alexandrian world,encounters...

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Why did the emperors debase the coinage in the third century?


A) The Senate had to be bought off.
B) The army had received raises that the treasury could not afford.
C) There was a trade imbalance with India.
D) Because of an outbreak of plague, there was less money collected in taxes.
E) The emperors were redirecting the wealth to their own amici.

F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Which emperor initiated the first Christian persecution in 64 C.E.?


A) Trajan
B) Nero
C) Tiberius
D) Hadrian
E) Nerva

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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Most grain grown for trade within the empire was transported on a grain fleet that came from


A) Alexandria.
B) Syria.
C) Marseilles.
D) Carthage.
E) Spain.

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

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Why did Bouddica instigate a revolt against the Romans? Analyze why this example was important in the development of the Roman empire.

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This story of resistance to Roman imperi...

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Which of the following did Augustus not accomplish as emperor?


A) construction of the Roman Peace
B) creation of a frontier defense
C) control of the army
D) creation of the Roman principate
E) legalization of Christianity

F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

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The worst punishment that could be inflicted on Christians was


A) execution by crucifixion.
B) forced participation in the imperial cult.
C) expulsion from the Christian community.
D) exclusion from taking communion.
E) condemnation in church.

F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

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The "divine man" Apollonius was credited with performing all of the following except


A) overpowering a vampire.
B) driving out a demon who brought the plague.
C) being in two places at once.
D) healing the sick.
E) slaying a minotaur.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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Paul was later able to avoid crucifixion as his death sentence because he


A) was a delator.
B) recanted his conversion.
C) was a Roman citizen.
D) was made a public example.
E) was of noble birth.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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The two factors that bound Roman society together were


A) reverence for the law and importance of the family.
B) speaking Latin and deifying the emperors.
C) maintaining the Senate and the army.
D) Roman citizenship and urban life.
E) the censorum and the imperium.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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One of the most popular philosophies in the Roman world among the ruling class was


A) skepticism.
B) stoicism.
C) cynicism.
D) epicurianism.
E) sophism.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Most religions within the empire were


A) monotheistic.
B) polytheistic.
C) agnostic.
D) focused on the imperial cult.
E) henotheistic.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Analyze the role of the Roman Senate during the principate and period of decline.

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At the time of Augustus's ascension as e...

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What was the main goal of Romanization?


A) To defend the empire against foreign invasion.
B) To extend Roman culture throughout the empire.
C) To ensure all citizens adhered to the Imperial cult.
D) To wipe out Christianity.
E) To promote Roman goods and trade with the East.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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