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The earliest true primates from early in the Eocene epoch (55-34 million years ago) fall into two major groups:


A) the tarsiers and the anthropoids.
B) the adapids and omomyids.
C) the strepsirhines and haplorhines.
D) the omomyids and anthropoids.
E) the adapids and strepsirhines.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Both the parapithecids, such as Apidium, and the propliopithecids, such as Aegyptopithecus, are Oligocene fossil primates that are classified as Old World


A) monkeys.
B) catarrhines.
C) platyrrhines.
D) anthropoids.
E) hominoids.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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The Miocene genus Proconsul is generally regarded as being


A) the common ancestor of all living anthropoids.
B) a catarrhine primate with highly specialized locomotion.
C) the common ancestor of all Old World monkeys.
D) an early hominoid with highly specialized dentition.
E) similar in appearance to the common ancestor of apes and humans.

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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Excavations by David Begun at Rudabanya, Hungary have led to a better understanding of the Miocene ape Ouranopithecus.

A) True
B) False

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The major geological transition that occurred from the Cretaceous epoch to the Paleocene epoch saw the adaptive radiation of many different types of


A) mammals.
B) swamps.
C) continents.
D) dinosaurs.
E) extinctions.

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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List the geological epochs, from the Cretaceous to the present, in consecutive order.

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Cretaceous, Paleocen...

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Primates with monkey- and ape-like features first appeared in the Oligocene epoch.

A) True
B) False

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Oreopithiecus was adapted to life in thickly forested marshlands.

A) True
B) False

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In the early Cretaceous, Gondwanaland included


A) Africa, South America, India, Australia, and Antarctica.
B) North America and Eurasia.
C) Eurasia, India, and Africa.
D) North America, South America, and Antarctica.
E) Australia and Laurasia.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The inner ear of Plesiadapis resembled that of modern primates.

A) True
B) False

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Omomyids are considered ________-like because of their large eyes, long tarsal bones and very small size.


A) tarsier
B) lemur
C) prosimian
D) adapid
E) loris

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Eocene adapids are described as lemur-like, while the Eocene omomyids are considered


A) squirrel-like.
B) loris-like.
C) cat-like.
D) monkey-like.
E) tarsier-like.

F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

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