Question 1

Today black and Hispanic Americans have poverty rates:

Accepted Answer

A)  twice as high as white Americans.
B)  three times as high as white Americans.
C)  half as high as white Americans.
D)  four times as high as white Americans.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

One of the factors that causes differences in inequality across countries is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the extent to which governments redistribute income through the public budget.
B)  the amount of jobs that are available in the country.
C)  the labor force participation rate within countries.
D)  how many income earners there are relative to total population.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

The basics of the welfare state in the United States started as part of:

Accepted Answer

A)  the New Deal legislation in the 1930s.
B)  reparations after WWI in the late 1910s.
C)  the Bretton Woods plan after WWII in the 1940s.
D)  the Great Recession Recovery and Aid Acts in the 2000s.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 4

In 2008,the number of people living in the world on less than $1.25 a day was:

Accepted Answer

A)  just over a fifth of the world's population.
B)  roughly a third of the world's population.
C)  just over a quarter of the world's population.
D)  just under 10 percent of the world's population.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 5

An absolute poverty line is usually set based on:

Accepted Answer

A)  the cost of certain essential goods.
B)  a certain percentage below the average income in a society.
C)  the lowest quartile of income earners in a society.
D)  the lowest 1 percent of all income earners in a society.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Self- reinforcing mechanisms that cause the poor to stay poor are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  poverty traps.
B)  social aberrances.
C)  social networks.
D)  societal traps.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 7

The ______ the Lorenz curve is from the line of perfect equality,the _____ is the Gini coefficient,and the __________ income equality exists.

Accepted Answer

A)  farther;higher;less
B)  farther;higher;more
C)  closer;higher;less
D)  closer;lower;lessE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

The top quintiles of income earners in every country today:

Accepted Answer

A)  earns disproportionately more than the bottom quintile.
B)  earns disproportionately less than they did 100 years ago.
C)  earns disproportionately less than the middle quintile.
D)  All of these are true.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 9

In 2011,the Census Bureau introduced an alternate poverty measure that is based on:

Accepted Answer

A)  the price of food,and adjusts for geographic differences in the cost of living.
B)  the prices of food,clothing,shelter,and utilities,and adjusts for geographic differences in the cost of living.
C)  the price of housing,and adjusts for geographic differences in the cost of living.
D)  the average income of the lowest quartile of income earners.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Social insurance programs are designed to:

Accepted Answer

A)  protect against the temporary hard times that can lead to transient poverty.
B)  keep those in chronic poverty fed,clothed,and housed.
C)  aid those communities that become impoverished.
D)  None of these is true.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

The global pattern of inequality has:

Accepted Answer

A)  been changing in recent decades.
B)  remained surprisingly unchanged for the past several decades.
C)  changed significantly after each World War.
D)  not changed since the Great Depression redefined inequality for the world.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Those who believe that overall economic growth is more important than the distribution of income would say that:

Accepted Answer

A)  if everyone is getting richer,the relative speed of these gains isn't as important.
B)  it is fundamentally unjust for some people to have so much when others have so little.
C)  if the society is not getting richer,then things can never become more equal.
D)  All of these are true.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

According to economist Emmanuel Saez,between 1993 and 2010,the incomes of the richest 1 percent grew by ________,and the other 99 percent grew by ________ on average.

Accepted Answer

A)  58 percent;6.4 percent
B)  58 percent;64 percent
C)  5.8 percent;6.4 percent
D)  5.8 percent;64 percentE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Those who are chronically poor are defined as those who spend:

Accepted Answer

A)  three or more years in poverty.
B)  at least two consecutive months within a year in poverty.
C)  two or more years in poverty.
D)  at least six consecutive months within a year in poverty.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Between 1960 and 1995,Social Security benefits:

Accepted Answer

A)  increased,helping reduce the poverty rate among the elderly.
B)  increased,which increased the poverty rate among the elderly.
C)  decreased,helping reduce the poverty rate among the elderly.
D)  decreased,which increased the poverty rate among the elderly.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

A standard way to measure income mobility is to compare:

Accepted Answer

A)  people's income to their parents' income.
B)  people's income at the beginning of their work-life to their income when they retire.
C)  the education level of people to that of their parents'.
D)  None of these is a standard way to measure income mobility.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Inequality within countries has been __________,and inequality between countries has been _________ in recent decades.

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing;decreasing
B)  increasing;increasing
C)  decreasing;increasing
D)  decreasing;decreasingE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Over the last 50 years,poverty has been:

Accepted Answer

A)  falling,and inequality has been rising.
B)  falling,and inequality has been falling as well.
C)  rising,and inequality has been rising as well.
D)  rising,and inequality has been falling.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

An effective program used to fight transient poverty is:

Accepted Answer

A)  unemployment insurance.
B)  health insurance.
C)  job training.
D)  All of these are effective at fighting transient poverty.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

To understand how poverty,inequality,and discrimination affect the economy,__________ analysis is used,and _________ analysis is used to address whether the government should try to reduce inequality in the name of social justice.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive;normative
B)  positive;objective
C)  subjective;normative
D)  normative;positiveE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Exam 21: Poverty, Inequality, and Discrimination

Over the last 50 years,poverty has been:

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An effective program used to fight transient poverty is:

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Those who are chronically poor are defined as those who spend:

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To understand how poverty,inequality,and discrimination affect the economy,__________ analysis is used,and _________ analysis is used to address whether the government should try to reduce inequality in the name of social justice.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Self- reinforcing mechanisms that cause the poor to stay poor are called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The basics of the welfare state in the United States started as part of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The global pattern of inequality has:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ______ the Lorenz curve is from the line of perfect equality,the _____ is the Gini coefficient,and the __________ income equality exists.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Those who believe that overall economic growth is more important than the distribution of income would say that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The top quintiles of income earners in every country today:

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Today black and Hispanic Americans have poverty rates:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In 2008,the number of people living in the world on less than $1.25 a day was:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In 2011,the Census Bureau introduced an alternate poverty measure that is based on:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A standard way to measure income mobility is to compare:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to economist Emmanuel Saez,between 1993 and 2010,the incomes of the richest 1 percent grew by ________,and the other 99 percent grew by ________ on average.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Social insurance programs are designed to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Between 1960 and 1995,Social Security benefits:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the factors that causes differences in inequality across countries is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An absolute poverty line is usually set based on:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inequality within countries has been __________,and inequality between countries has been _________ in recent decades.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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To understand how poverty,inequality,and discrimination affect the economy,__ analysis is used,and _ analysis is used to address whether the government should try to reduce inequality in the name of social justice.

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The ____ the Lorenz curve is from the line of perfect equality,the _ is the Gini coefficient,and the ________ income equality exists.

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According to economist Emmanuel Saez,between 1993 and 2010,the incomes of the richest 1 percent grew by ,and the other 99 percent grew by on average.

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Inequality within countries has been __,and inequality between countries has been _ in recent decades.

Correct Answer
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