Question 1

A foreign molecule that causes a specific immune response is a(n) ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   PAMP
B)   marker
C)   antigen
D)   hapten
E)   antibodyF) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 2

The most abundant class of antibodies in serum is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   IgE
B)   IgM
C)   IgA
D)   IgG
E)   IgDF) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

Which process involves antibodies cross-linking cells or particles into large aggregates?

Accepted Answer

A)   Neutralization
B)   Opsonization
C)   Complement fixation
D)   Agglutination
E)   Anamnestic responseF) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Fluzone is a brand name for a very commonly given influenza vaccine.The vaccine is prepared by first harvesting flu viruses in chicken embryos and then breaking apart virus particles into protein subunits,thereby inactivating the virus.Your friend refuses to get the vaccine.Which of these statements is the only valid reason for her not to get the flu vaccine?

Accepted Answer

A)   She could pass the virus onto her baby, causing the child to become autistic.
B)   She is allergic to eggs.
C)   She could catch the flu from the inactivated vaccine.
D)   She could die from the vaccine.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

T cell response to T-dependent antigens requires

Accepted Answer

A)   typically a protein antigen.
B)   binding of the T cell to a class II MHC receptor on a macrophage.
C)   binding of the T cell to a site on the antigen.
D)   interleukin-1 activating the T helper cell.
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 6

Killed or inactivated vaccines are prepared by

Accepted Answer

A)   treatment with formalin, heat, or radiation.
B)   removal of virulence genes from the microbe.
C)   passage of the pathogen through unnatural hosts or tissue culture.
D)   long-term subculturing of the microbe.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

The ability of TC cells to initiate apoptosis in virally-infected cells and cancer cells is dependent on their ability to produce __________ and __________; proteins that punch holes in the target cell membrane.

Accepted Answer

A)   interleukin-1; interleukin-2
B)   perforin; granzyme
C)   interferon; interleukins
D)   antibodies; interferonsE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 8

Which is incorrect about the Fc region of an immunoglobulin?

Accepted Answer

A)   It contains an effector molecule that can bind to cells such as macrophages and mast cells.
B)   It forms the antigen binding sites.
C)   It determines the class to which the immunoglobulin belongs.
D)   It contains an effector molecule that can fix complement.
E)   It is called the crystallizable fragment.F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

Which lymphocytes lack specificity for antigen and attack cancer cells and virus-infected cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   Delayed hypersensitivity T cells
B)   Natural killer (NK)  cells
C)   Suppressor T cells
D)   Helper T cells
E)   Cytotoxic T cellsF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

Which of the statements below represents the correct order of events in the adaptive immune response?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lymphocyte challenge, antigen presentation, lymphocyte development, lymphocyte response
B)   Antigen presentation, lymphocyte development, lymphocyte challenge, lymphocyte response
C)   Antigen presentation, lymphocyte challenge, lymphocyte development, lymphocyte response
D)   Lymphocyte development, antigen presentation, lymphocyte challenge, lymphocyte responseE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

You have received the first hepatitis A vaccine.It was required for your mission trip to Nicaragua in Central America,where hepatitis A is common.However,you never went back for the booster shot of the vaccine,which should have been received within 6 months of the initial vaccination.What statement accurately reflects your present immunity to this pathogen?

Accepted Answer

A)  You are at risk to get hepatitis A since your immune status is only partial.Not enough immune memory cells were produced since you received one dosage of vaccine,so you are likely to get the disease when exposed to the virus.
B)  The one dosage is not enough because it only activated humoral immunity.The second dosage is used to activate cell-mediated immunity.The combination of the two immune responses gives you 100% coverage of immunity to hepatitis A.
C)  This is not a problem because the second dosage is just extra protection.Your immune status would be very high.
D)  Not a problem because at any time,in a year,5 years,etc.,you can go get the booster vaccine for hepatitis A and be fully covered by immunity.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 12

The monomer subunit of immunoglobulin molecules has all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)   two identical light polypeptide chains.
B)   two identical heavy polypeptide chains.
C)   four antigen binding sites.
D)   disulfide bonds between polypeptide chains.
E)   a variable and constant region on each polypeptide chain.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 13

Activation of B cells can occur when antigen binds to B cell surface immunoglobulin receptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which process involves antibodies covering surface receptors on a virus or toxin molecule,thereby disrupting their activity?

Accepted Answer

A)   Opsonization
B)   Neutralization
C)   Complement fixation
D)   Agglutination
E)   Anamnestic responseF) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

Class I MHC genes code for

Accepted Answer

A)   self receptors recognized by T lymphocytes.
B)   all HLA antigens.
C)   receptors located primarily on macrophages and B cells.
D)   certain secreted complement components.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

The region of each antibody molecule where amino acid composition is highly diversified from one clone of B lymphocytes to another is the ______ region.

Accepted Answer

A)   joining
B)   variable
C)   constant
D)   hinge
E)   lightF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 17

A patient enters your clinic with a suspected helminthic infection.In support of this diagnosis,you suspect elevated levels of which antibody in the patient's serum?

Accepted Answer

A)   IgG
B)   IgM
C)   IgE
D)   IgDE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 18

The immunoglobulin class that is the only one capable of crossing the placenta is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   IgA
B)   IgG
C)   IgM
D)   IgD
E)   IgEF) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 19

Clonal selection requires the presence of foreign antigens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Plasma cells

Accepted Answer

A)   function in allergic reactions.
B)   secrete antibodies.
C)   directly destroy target cells.
D)   activate B cells and other T cells.
E)   suppress immune reactions.F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Exam 15: Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Correct Answer
verified

Clonal selection requires the presence of foreign antigens.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which lymphocytes lack specificity for antigen and attack cancer cells and virus-infected cells?

Correct Answer
verified

The most abundant class of antibodies in serum is _____.

Correct Answer
verified

Activation of B cells can occur when antigen binds to B cell surface immunoglobulin receptors.

Correct Answer
verified

T cell response to T-dependent antigens requires

Correct Answer
verified

Which process involves antibodies covering surface receptors on a virus or toxin molecule,thereby disrupting their activity?

Correct Answer
verified

Class I MHC genes code for

Correct Answer
verified

Killed or inactivated vaccines are prepared by

Correct Answer
verified

Which process involves antibodies cross-linking cells or particles into large aggregates?

Correct Answer
verified

A foreign molecule that causes a specific immune response is a(n) ______.

Correct Answer
verified

A patient enters your clinic with a suspected helminthic infection.In support of this diagnosis,you suspect elevated levels of which antibody in the patient's serum?

Correct Answer
verified

The monomer subunit of immunoglobulin molecules has all of the following except

Correct Answer
verified

The immunoglobulin class that is the only one capable of crossing the placenta is ______.

Correct Answer
verified

The ability of T_C cells to initiate apoptosis in virally-infected cells and cancer cells is dependent on their ability to produce and ; proteins that punch holes in the target cell membrane.

Correct Answer
verified

Which is incorrect about the Fc region of an immunoglobulin?

Correct Answer
verified

Plasma cells

Correct Answer
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Which of the statements below represents the correct order of events in the adaptive immune response?

Correct Answer
verified

The region of each antibody molecule where amino acid composition is highly diversified from one clone of B lymphocytes to another is the ______ region.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 15: Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Clonal selection requires the presence of foreign antigens.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which lymphocytes lack specificity for antigen and attack cancer cells and virus-infected cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most abundant class of antibodies in serum is _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Activation of B cells can occur when antigen binds to B cell surface immunoglobulin receptors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

T cell response to T-dependent antigens requires

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which process involves antibodies covering surface receptors on a virus or toxin molecule,thereby disrupting their activity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Class I MHC genes code for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Killed or inactivated vaccines are prepared by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which process involves antibodies cross-linking cells or particles into large aggregates?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A foreign molecule that causes a specific immune response is a(n) ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A patient enters your clinic with a suspected helminthic infection.In support of this diagnosis,you suspect elevated levels of which antibody in the patient's serum?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The monomer subunit of immunoglobulin molecules has all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The immunoglobulin class that is the only one capable of crossing the placenta is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ability of TC cells to initiate apoptosis in virally-infected cells and cancer cells is dependent on their ability to produce __________ and __________; proteins that punch holes in the target cell membrane.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is incorrect about the Fc region of an immunoglobulin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plasma cells

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the statements below represents the correct order of events in the adaptive immune response?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The region of each antibody molecule where amino acid composition is highly diversified from one clone of B lymphocytes to another is the ______ region.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The ability of T_C cells to initiate apoptosis in virally-infected cells and cancer cells is dependent on their ability to produce and ; proteins that punch holes in the target cell membrane.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified