Question 1

You take a large sample of soil and put it all into individual pots.You then divide the pots into two groups: In the first group,every pot of soil has been sterilized,and thus contains no bacteria.In the other group,none of the pots of soil has been sterilized.You plant soybean seeds in all the pots.What would you expect to see as the seeds sprout and grow?

Accepted Answer

A)   The plants growing in the sterile soil are bigger because they have not been exposed to any bacteria.
B)   The plants growing in the non-sterile soil are bigger because have mutualistic associations with nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
C)   The plants growing in the sterile soil are bigger because they do not have to compete with nitrogen-fixing bacteria in order to obtain usable nitrogen.
D)   The plants growing in the non-sterile soil are bigger because saprotrophic bacteria produce nutrients for them.
E)   There is no difference in size between the plants growing in the sterile soil and those in the non-sterile soil.F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 2

Why don't new biological macromolecules form abiotically from nonliving matter on the Earth today?

Accepted Answer

A)   The special environmental conditions that are required do not exist.
B)   There are not enough of the various elements needed.
C)   There is not enough available energy.
D)   There is no need for biological macromolecules.
E)   Biological macromolecules do arise abiotically, but are quickly consumed by organisms.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 3

Protists can be

Accepted Answer

A)   unicellular only.
B)   unicellular or colonial, but not multicellular.
C)   colonial only.
D)   colonial or multicellular, but not unicellular.
E)   unicellular, colonial, or multicellular.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

Which statement about slime molds and water molds is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)   Both are eukaryotes.
B)   Both have flagellated cells at some time in their life cycles.
C)   Both form spores.
D)   Both are chemoheterotrophs.
E)   Both are fungi.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) damages and kills susceptible citrus trees around the world.It can by spread by grafting of infected plants; and by aphids,insects with piercing mouthparts that they use to suck fluid from plants.Which of the following would not limit the spread of CTV?

Accepted Answer

A)   use of insecticides to control the aphids
B)   destruction of infected plants
C)   production of transgenic citrus lines using genes from resistant plants
D)   quarantine of fields with infected plants
E)   application of antibiotic drugs to citrus plantsF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 6

Colchicine is a drug that blocks formation of the mitotic spindle apparatus.What would you expect if you applied colchicine to a petri dish of bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)   The bacteria would be unable to divide, because they could not form the spindle apparatus for mitosis.
B)   The bacteria would continue to divide, because they carry out mitosis without a spindle apparatus.
C)   The bacteria would continue to divide, because they carry out binary fission, which does not require a spindle apparatus.
D)   The bacteria would be unable to divide, because they would be unable to form new cell wall partitions.
E)   The bacteria would increase their rate of mitosis, so the number of cells would rapidly increase.F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 7

What structure enables a plant virus to move from one plant cell to the next?

Accepted Answer

A)   plasmodesmatas
B)   bacteriophage
C)   capsid
D)   insect vectors
E)   recognition proteinsF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

Some bacteria carry out a metabolic process known as fermentation,and

Accepted Answer

A)   consume acids.
B)   produce acids.
C)   produce oxygen.
D)   consume oxygen.
E)   consume both acids and oxygen.F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

Which means of genetic recombination in bacteria requires a direct link between donor and recipient cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   transformation
B)   transduction
C)   conjugation
D)   binary fission
E)   both transduction and conjugationF) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 10

African sleeping sickness is caused by a

Accepted Answer

A)   trypanosome.
B)   sporozoan.
C)   prion.
D)   bacterium.
E)   virus.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 11

Bacteria that secrete digestive enzymes into their surroundings in order to decompose nonliving organic matter are called

Accepted Answer

A)   chemoautotrophs.
B)   symbiotes.
C)   saprotrophs.
D)   parasites.
E)   photoautotrophs.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 12

Which of these is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)   cilia - bacteria
B)   flagella - bacteria
C)   flagella - slime molds
D)   flagella - water molds
E)   pseudopods - amoebasF) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 13

Penicillin is an antibiotic drug that interferes with cell wall synthesis in bacteria,eventually resulting in cell death.What effect would you predict if you applied penicillin to archaea?

Accepted Answer

A)   The archaea would die due to the weakening of their cell walls.
B)   The archaea would not be affected, since they do not contain peptidoglycan.
C)   The archaea would not be affected, since none of the archaea have cell walls.
D)   The archaea would die due to their inability to synthesize protein for their cell walls.
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

Which of the following statements regarding bacterial endospores is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   Endospores can survive in extremely harsh environments.
B)   Within an endospore is a copy of the bacterial chromosome.
C)   An endospore contains a small amount of cytoplasm material.
D)   Endospores can survive for very long periods of time.
E)   Endospores are reproductive structures.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

Which means of genetic recombination in bacteria often makes use of pili?

Accepted Answer

A)   transformation
B)   transduction
C)   conjugation
D)   both transformation and transduction
E)   translocationF) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 16

A chain of spherical bacterial cells is called a

Accepted Answer

A)   streptococcus.
B)   staphylococcus.
C)   streptobacillus.
D)   diplococcus.
E)   streptospirillum.F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 17

As a result of drinking contaminated water,a patient contracts amoebic dysentery.Would an antibiotic drug that inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis be beneficial in treating the amoeba infection?

Accepted Answer

A)   Yes, because it would weaken the cell walls of the amoebas and cause them to die.
B)   No, because amoeba are not bacteria and do not have peptidoglycan.
C)   Yes, because antibiotics are always beneficial in treating infectious diseases.
D)   No, because the cell walls of the amoeba that causes dysentery contains calcium carbonate, not peptidoglycan.
E)   Yes, because the amoeba would not be able to reproduce.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

Animal viruses that have an envelope enter cells by

Accepted Answer

A)   injecting their nucleic acid into the cell's cytoplasm.
B)   fusing with the plasma membrane.
C)   endocytosis.
D)   plasmolysis.
E)   either fusing with the plasma membrane or endocytosis.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

In which type of environment would you be most likely to find methanogenic archaea?

Accepted Answer

A)   hot, acidic
B)   high salt concentration
C)   anaerobic
D)   aerobic
E)   dryF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Archaea

Accepted Answer

A)   have plasma membranes but lack cell walls.
B)   have plasma membranes and most have cell walls.
C)   lack plasma membranes but most have cell walls.
D)   have neither plasma membranes nor cell walls.
E)   have double plasma membranes and no cell walls.F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Exam 17: The Microorganisms: Viruses, bacteria, and Protists

A chain of spherical bacterial cells is called a

Correct Answer
verified

Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) damages and kills susceptible citrus trees around the world.It can by spread by grafting of infected plants; and by aphids,insects with piercing mouthparts that they use to suck fluid from plants.Which of the following would not limit the spread of CTV?

Correct Answer
verified

What structure enables a plant virus to move from one plant cell to the next?

Correct Answer
verified

Penicillin is an antibiotic drug that interferes with cell wall synthesis in bacteria,eventually resulting in cell death.What effect would you predict if you applied penicillin to archaea?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements regarding bacterial endospores is false?

Correct Answer
verified

Some bacteria carry out a metabolic process known as fermentation,and

Correct Answer
verified

Bacteria that secrete digestive enzymes into their surroundings in order to decompose nonliving organic matter are called

Correct Answer
verified

Colchicine is a drug that blocks formation of the mitotic spindle apparatus.What would you expect if you applied colchicine to a petri dish of bacteria?

Correct Answer
verified

Archaea

Correct Answer
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Which means of genetic recombination in bacteria requires a direct link between donor and recipient cells?

Correct Answer
verified

Protists can be

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

African sleeping sickness is caused by a

Correct Answer
verified

As a result of drinking contaminated water,a patient contracts amoebic dysentery.Would an antibiotic drug that inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis be beneficial in treating the amoeba infection?

Correct Answer
verified

In which type of environment would you be most likely to find methanogenic archaea?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of these is mismatched?

Correct Answer
verified

Animal viruses that have an envelope enter cells by

Correct Answer
verified

Which means of genetic recombination in bacteria often makes use of pili?

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement about slime molds and water molds is incorrect?

Correct Answer
verified

Why don't new biological macromolecules form abiotically from nonliving matter on the Earth today?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 17: The Microorganisms: Viruses, bacteria, and Protists

A chain of spherical bacterial cells is called a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) damages and kills susceptible citrus trees around the world.It can by spread by grafting of infected plants; and by aphids,insects with piercing mouthparts that they use to suck fluid from plants.Which of the following would not limit the spread of CTV?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What structure enables a plant virus to move from one plant cell to the next?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Penicillin is an antibiotic drug that interferes with cell wall synthesis in bacteria,eventually resulting in cell death.What effect would you predict if you applied penicillin to archaea?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding bacterial endospores is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some bacteria carry out a metabolic process known as fermentation,and

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacteria that secrete digestive enzymes into their surroundings in order to decompose nonliving organic matter are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Colchicine is a drug that blocks formation of the mitotic spindle apparatus.What would you expect if you applied colchicine to a petri dish of bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Archaea

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which means of genetic recombination in bacteria requires a direct link between donor and recipient cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Protists can be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

African sleeping sickness is caused by a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a result of drinking contaminated water,a patient contracts amoebic dysentery.Would an antibiotic drug that inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis be beneficial in treating the amoeba infection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which type of environment would you be most likely to find methanogenic archaea?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these is mismatched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Animal viruses that have an envelope enter cells by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which means of genetic recombination in bacteria often makes use of pili?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about slime molds and water molds is incorrect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why don't new biological macromolecules form abiotically from nonliving matter on the Earth today?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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