Question 1

The fetal portion of the placenta forms from the

Accepted Answer

A)  amnion.
B)  yolk sac.
C)  inner cell mass.
D)  chorion.
E)  blastocoel.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

The secondary oocyte enters into an arrested state during its development.In what stage of development does this occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  During metaphase I
B)  During telophase I
C)  During prophase II
D)  During metaphase II
E)  During telophase IIF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

What happens to the polar bodies that are produced during oogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  They participate in the formation of the extra-embryonic membranes.
B)  They provide yolk to nourish the early embryo.
C)  They help to form the placenta.
D)  They degenerate.
E)  They are incorporated into the inner cell mass.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 4

When does the embryonic period officially begin?

Accepted Answer

A)  With the onset of cleavage
B)  At the time of implantation
C)  With the establishment of the three primary germ layers
D)  When the umbilical cord becomes functional
E)  At fertilizationF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 5

Neurulation is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  compaction.
B)  blastulation.
C)  gastrulation.
D)  induction.
E)  organogenesis.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

What would happen if more than one sperm penetrated a secondary oocyte,an event termed polyspermy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Identical twins would result.
B)  The sperm with the most advanced chromosomes would merge with the female nucleus.
C)  The extra sperm would most likely fertilize one of the polar bodies.
D)  The resulting zygote would not develop.
E)  This never happens due to genetic controls.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

A major difference between oogenesis and spermatogenesis is that each cycle of oogenesis results in

Accepted Answer

A)  four viable eggs,whereas a single cycle of spermatogenesis produces only one sperm.
B)  three viable eggs,whereas a single cycle of spermatogenesis produces only one sperm.
C)  only one viable egg,whereas a single cycle of spermatogenesis produces four spermatozoa.
D)  three viable polar bodies,whereas a single cycle of spermatogenesis produces no polar bodies.
E)  a tiny viable egg,whereas a single cycle of spermatogenesis produces four sperm,each much larger than the egg.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

Two standard measurements are used to determine fetal length.Which of these would be the longer of the two measurements on any normal fetus?

Accepted Answer

A)  CHL
B)  CRL
C)  HTL
D)  HRL
E)  CFLF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

During this critical period the subcutaneous fat is deposited and testes descend into the scrotum.

Accepted Answer

A)  Weeks 1-8
B)  Weeks 9-12
C)  Weeks 13-16
D)  Weeks 17-20
E)  Weeks 21-38F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

Formation of the neural tube

Accepted Answer

A)  begins at the anterior (head) end and proceeds toward the posterior (tail) .
B)  begins at the posterior and proceeds toward the anterior.
C)  begins in the middle and proceeds toward the head and the tail.
D)  is random in that it can begin and proceed at any location along the neural plate.
E)  is caused by compaction of the neural plate.F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

From which primary germ layer is the thyroid gland derived?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ectoderm
B)  Mesoderm
C)  EndodermD) A) and B)
E) B) and C)

Question 12

A double-stranded chromosome consists of two genetically identical sister chromatids.What important biological event produced the sister chromatids?

Accepted Answer

A)  Crossing over
B)  Genetic mutation
C)  Mitosis
D)   DNA replication
E)  Reduction divisionF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

This figure shows a superior view of the developing embryo.What structure does number 1 indicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yolk sac
B)  Notochord
C)  Primitive streak
D)  Epiblast
E)  HypoblastF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

From which primary germ layer is the nervous system derived?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ectoderm
B)  Mesoderm
C)  EndodermD) None of the above
E) A) and B)

Question 15

Reduction division occurs during

Accepted Answer

A)  mitosis.
B)  meiosis.
C)  both mitosis and meiosis.D) B) and C)
E) None of the above

Question 16

Trisomy refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the development of three primary germ layers.
B)  three layers of cells.
C)  the formation of triplets.
D)  there being three copies of a given chromosome instead of two.
E)  the formation of the three extra-embryonic membranes.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

Differentiation refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)  moment of conception (when sperm and egg unite) .
B)  time when the blastocyst implants in the uterine wall.
C)  formation and organization of the diverse cell types in the body.
D)  formation of the various organ systems in the body.
E)  separation of the placenta from the fetus at birth.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

At its formation,a morula consists of ______ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  4
B)  8
C)  16
D)  32
E)  64F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 19

The amnion is one of the extraembryonic membranes,and its function is to

Accepted Answer

A)  prevent desiccation of the embryo.
B)  allow fluid to enter the placenta.
C)  form the plasma portion of the blood.
D)  give the embryo nourishment.
E)  permit implantation to occur.F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

The process of embryogenesis includes

Accepted Answer

A)  gastrulation.
B)  fertilization.
C)  gametogenesis.
D)  formation of a zygote.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Exam 3: Embryology

The fetal portion of the placenta forms from the

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The amnion is one of the extraembryonic membranes,and its function is to

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Reduction division occurs during

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From which primary germ layer is the thyroid gland derived?

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Trisomy refers to

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Differentiation refers to the

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From which primary germ layer is the nervous system derived?

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During this critical period the subcutaneous fat is deposited and testes descend into the scrotum.

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The secondary oocyte enters into an arrested state during its development.In what stage of development does this occur?

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This figure shows a superior view of the developing embryo.What structure does number 1 indicate?

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What happens to the polar bodies that are produced during oogenesis?

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Formation of the neural tube

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A major difference between oogenesis and spermatogenesis is that each cycle of oogenesis results in

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Neurulation is an example of

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What would happen if more than one sperm penetrated a secondary oocyte,an event termed polyspermy?

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A double-stranded chromosome consists of two genetically identical sister chromatids.What important biological event produced the sister chromatids?

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The process of embryogenesis includes

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When does the embryonic period officially begin?

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Two standard measurements are used to determine fetal length.Which of these would be the longer of the two measurements on any normal fetus?

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At its formation,a morula consists of ______ cells.

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