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Which of the following supports the ligand-mediated model of receptor dimerization?


A) Some growth and differentiation factors like PDGF or CSF-1 are composed of two similar or identical disulfide-linked subunits,each of which has a binding site for a receptor.
B) Ligands have been found to be small proteins.
C) Ligands have been found to be steroid hormones.
D) Ligands were found to bind to each other
E) Receptors have been shown to have multiple binding sites for ligands.

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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Bcl-2 acts as a(n) ________ by promoting ___________.


A) oncogene,cell division
B) haplogene,survival of potential cancer cells that would otherwise die by apoptosis
C) oncogene,survival of potential cancer cells that would otherwise die by apoptosis
D) cancer gene,survival of potential cancer cells that would otherwise die by apoptosis
E) haplogene,cell division

F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

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The passage of signals back and forth between different pathways is referred to as _________.


A) divergence
B) convergence
C) crosstalk
D) transvergence
E) coherence

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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________ is a small protein that is linked covalently to other proteins,thereby marking those proteins for internalization or degradation.


A) Chaperonin
B) Ubiquitin
C) Proinsulin
D) Transcriptin
E) Tubulin

F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Which of the following contains an SH2 domain together with a tyrosine phosphorylation site that can act as a binding site for the SH2 domain of an identical molecule leading to dimerization?


A) adaptor proteins
B) docking proteins
C) transcription factors
D) enzymes
E) All of these are correct.

F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

Correct Answer

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