Question 1

Why is the dialysate continually replaced in hemodialysis?

Accepted Answer

A)   to maintain a favorable concentration gradient with the blood
B)   because it is easily infected
C)   because it enters the body and is absorbed
D)   because it is lost by urination
E)   because it biodegrades rapidlyF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 2

Parts of the nephron are lined with epithelial cells containing large numbers of mitochondria to assist in diffusion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

List the components of the glomerular filtrate and indicate where they can be found.

Accepted Answer

Water, salts, nutrient molecul...

Question 4

The reabsorption of water in the kidneys always precedes the reabsorption of salt.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Why do water and small molecules move from the glomerulus into the filtrate?

Accepted Answer

A)   diffusion down the concentration gradient
B)   glomerular blood pressure
C)   active transport
D)   secretion
E)   diffusion against the concentration gradientF) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

What is one of the earliest signs of nephron damage?

Accepted Answer

A)   burning upon urination
B)   extreme pain
C)   albumin or formed elements in the urine
D)   the absence of urination
E)   edemaF) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 7

What is the normal pH of blood?

Accepted Answer

A)   neutral
B)   slightly basic
C)   slightly acidic
D)   extremely basic
E)   extremely acidicF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

The kidneys are involved in the synthesis of vitamin D, and thereby assist with calcium homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following does not assist the kidneys in excretion of nitrogenous wastes?

Accepted Answer

A)   liver
B)   sweat glands
C)   muscles
D)   blood
E)   pancreasF) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 10

The renal pyramids are located within the renal pelvis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The kidneys are much more powerful than the acid-base buffer and the respiratory center mechanisms in controlling blood pH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following is considered a secondary or additional function of the urinary system?

Accepted Answer

A)   synthesis of vitamin D
B)   excretion of metabolic wastes
C)   secretion of hormones
D)   maintenance of acid-base balance
E)   maintenance of water-salt balanceF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

Which of the following is not a part of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)   hypothalamus
B)   cortex
C)   medulla
D)   pelvis
E)   collecting ductsF) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 14

The collecting duct of the nephron originates in what region of the kidney and extends to what region of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)   renal cortex to the renal medulla
B)   renal cortex to the renal pelvis
C)   renal medulla to the renal cortex
D)   renal medulla to the renal pelvis
E)   renal pelvis to the renal medullaF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

List the functions of the urinary system.

Accepted Answer

1. excretion of metabolic wast...

Question 16

What are the walls of a ureter composed of?

Accepted Answer

A)   skeletal muscle and mucous membrane
B)   mucous membrane and fibrous connective tissue
C)   mucous membrane, smooth muscle, and fibrous connective tissue
D)   skeletal muscle, fibrous connective tissue, and cartilage
E)   fibrous connective tissue, cartilage, and mucous membraneF) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

Which substance is removed from the blood during tubular secretion?

Accepted Answer

A)   H+
B)   Na+
C)   aldosterone
D)   water
E)   Cl-F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 18

The success rate for a kidney transplant from even a relative is fairly low.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which molecule is secreted from the peritubular capillary network into the convoluted tubules?

Accepted Answer

A)   water
B)   salt
C)   H+
D)   nutrients
E)   plasma proteinsF) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 20

What effect does cellular respiration have on the pH of the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)   It does not affect the pH.
B)   It raises the pH.
C)   It lowers the pH.
D)   It decreases the amount of hydrogen ions in the blood.
E)   It increases the amount of hydroxide ions in the blood.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Exam 11: Urinary System

What is the normal pH of blood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is considered a secondary or additional function of the urinary system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the walls of a ureter composed of?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is one of the earliest signs of nephron damage?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What effect does cellular respiration have on the pH of the blood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does not assist the kidneys in excretion of nitrogenous wastes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The success rate for a kidney transplant from even a relative is fairly low.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parts of the nephron are lined with epithelial cells containing large numbers of mitochondria to assist in diffusion.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is the dialysate continually replaced in hemodialysis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The collecting duct of the nephron originates in what region of the kidney and extends to what region of the kidney?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The renal pyramids are located within the renal pelvis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The kidneys are much more powerful than the acid-base buffer and the respiratory center mechanisms in controlling blood pH.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The kidneys are involved in the synthesis of vitamin D, and thereby assist with calcium homeostasis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which molecule is secreted from the peritubular capillary network into the convoluted tubules?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which substance is removed from the blood during tubular secretion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List the functions of the urinary system.

Correct Answerverified1. excretion of metabolic wast...View AnswerShow Answer

Why do water and small molecules move from the glomerulus into the filtrate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List the components of the glomerular filtrate and indicate where they can be found.

Correct AnswerverifiedWater, salts, nutrient molecul...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is not a part of the kidney?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reabsorption of water in the kidneys always precedes the reabsorption of salt.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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1. excretion of metabolic wast...
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Water, salts, nutrient molecul...
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Correct Answer
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